Kiron, Viswanath; Dr. Paul, Raj R(Cochin University of Science and Technology, May , 1989)
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Abstract:
Most tropical aquatic environments are naturally
fertile and their natural fertility is renewed very rapidly. Natural food for many cultivable organisms can be grown to the maximum by proper management. However, enrichment of the environment can be done through rational fertilization. Still further increase in stocking rates, can yield increased crop if adequate feeding is done. Thus fish and shellfish nutrition is an important aspect of the multidisciplinary subject of aquaculture. The oldest and most classical studies in physiology have investigated the nutritional needs of the species of interest to aquaculture. The alimentary requirements for
proteins, lipids, mineral salts and vitamins have been established for some temperate species. But, the nutritional requirements of only few tropical species have been studied. Before formulating a diet, a thorough knowledge of the nutrient requirement of the species is essential. It is against this background that the present area of investigation has been identified. "Nutritional requirements of the fry of gold-spot mullet Liza parsia" is a comprehensive attempt to quantify the nutritional factors that are essential for producing healthy fingerlings for stocking the farms. Aspects such as the protein and lipid requirements of the fry, the vitamin essentiality, nutritive evaluation of protein and lipid sources suitable for compounding diets were covered in this research project. The ultimate aim has been to evolve practical diets which could be applied in the nursery phase for juvenile production.
Gopal, C; Dr. Paul, Raj R(Cochin University of Science and Technology, July , 1986)
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Abstract:
Man in his quest to explore food has turned towards the oceans and during the last five decades there has been phenomenal increase in the exploitation of the marine fisheries resources. The present study is carried out to determine the requirement of protein and water-soluble vitamins in the diet of juveniles of the Indian white prawn p.indicus using purified diets and to evaluate the nutritive value of a few plant and animal protein sources for the same species. A total of ten statistically designed experiments are conducted in the laboratory undermost identical conditions and following similar methodologies. The study also tries to suggest the essential and optimal requirements for protein as well as water-soluble vitamins in the diet of juvenile p.indicus
Srinivasa, Gopal T K; Dr. Hridayanathan, C(Cochin University of Science and Technology, April 28, 1993)
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Abstract:
Packaging is important not only in extending the shellife of fish and fishery products but also improving their marketability. In the recent years, significant development have taken place in the packaging industry. During the past decade in India, there is almost a packaging revolution with the availability of variety packaging materials, thus generating better packaging consciousness in other producer/manufacturing industries. But unfortunately, such realisation is not forthcoming in the fisheries sector and packaging techniques for local and export trade continues to be on traditional lines with their inherent drawbacks and limitations. Better packaging ensures improved quality and presentation of the products and ensures higher returns to the producer. Among several packaging materials used in fishery industry, ISI specifications had been formulated only for corrugated fibre board boxes for export of seafoods and froglegs. This standard was formulated before containersiation came into existance in the export of marine products. Before containerisation, the standards were stringent in view of the rough handling, transportation and storage. Two of the common defects reported in the master cartons exported from India are low mechanical strength and tendency to get wet. They are weakened by the deposits of moisture caused by temperature fluctuations during loading, unloading and other handling stages. It is necessary to rectify the above defects in packaging aquatic products and hence in the present study extensive investigations are carried out to find out the reasons for the damage of master cartons, to evolve code of practice for the packaging oi frozen shrimp for exports, development of alternative style of packaging for the shipping container, development of suitable consumer packaging materials for fish soup powder, cured dried mackeral, fish pickles in oil and frozen shrimp. For the development of suitable packaging materials, it is absolutely essential to know the properties of packaging materials, effect of different packaging materials on theirshelf life and their suitability for food contact applications.
Description:
Department
of Industrial Fisheries, Cochin University of Science and
Technology
Jalajakumar,V S; Dr.Kuttyamma, V J(Cochin University of Science And Technology, August , 1988)
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Abstract:
In order to check the damage caused by the parasites, even though it is difficult in open waters, a proper understanding of the seasonal variation in the distribution of the parasite and other factors like age of the host, sex of the host, which affect distribution of parasite is a must. Although several workers have carried out investigations on the taxonomy of metazoan parasites of marine and brackish water Fishes of India, very little attempt is made to correlate such investigations with the host and the environment. In this thesis such an attempt is made by the researcher.
In chapter one the literature related to the prevalence, mean intensity of infection, and histopathological changes caused by the metazoan parasites, in particular by helminths, copepods and isopods, was reviewed. Chapter two contains observations on the distribution pattern of parasites in relation to the season, sex, and size of the host. It was found that the prevalence rate of radiorynchus_indicus infecting the alimentary canal of Tachysurugs mgacuglatus, Ergasilus sp. infecting the gills of T maculatus, and Lernaeeniicus ramosus found on the body surface of Qeimgipteirfugs jagonicus was higher during monsoon season. But agarna malayi found in the opercular chamber and Ehilometra cephalus infecting the gonads of valamugil speiglari showed a higher prevalence rate during the postmonsoon season. This was discussed on the basis of the hydrographical characteristics prevailing in the study area during the three different seasons.
It was also observed that the sex of the host did not influence significantly the distribution pattern of the parasites. The reasons for this were also discussed. Invariably, the size of the host
was found to influence the parasite distribution pattern. It was observed that the prevalence rate showed an increase with increase in size of the fish. This was discussed on the basis of food habits of the host, along with other aspects An attempt was made in chapter three to study the histopathological effects of‘ the various parasites on their respective sites of attachments on host Fishes. It was found that except Rhadinorhyhchugs indicus, all other parasites produced damages of varying intensity, in the form of hypertrophy, rhyperplasia, haemorrhage, tissue disruption and ulcers. Interestingly, E. indicus, an acantho— cephalid with a powerful proboscis for attachment was found not to cause any serious damage to the intestine of the host Fish. All these aspects are included in the third and final chapter of the thesis.
Description:
School of marine sciences, Cochin University of Science And Technology
Subhash, Chandra Soni(Cochin University of Science and Technology, April , 1986)
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Abstract:
The thesis embodies the results of the studies carried out on certain diseases affecting the commercially important penaeid prawns in the capture and culture fisheries of the southwest and southeast coasts of india during october, 1981 to april 1985.initially a survey is conducted to obtain information and to understand the commom diseases and abnormalities occurring in the penaeid prawms in nature and those farmed. A result of the survey then cases of diseases and abnormalities are reported. These include tumour like growth soft prawm syndrome, tail necrosis brown spot disease, red rostrum, ciliate infestation ,helminth parasitisation,metacercarial infestation and bopyrid infestation in the penaeid prawns such as penaeus indicus p. monodon , p. semisulcatus ,Metapenaeus
dobsoni and m.affinis.The symptoms ,occurrence and incidence of each of the above cases are
provided along with the information on environmental factors such as salinity,dissolved oxygen,temperature and ph of the water from the collection sites. The nature of the disease,the tissuse of the host that are affected by the infection or infestation or by the pathogen ,and the
actors influencing the infection in each of the ten cases are studied histopathologically and discussed. In the light of the available published information, the control measures for the different diseases of penaeid prawns are presented and discussed.
Description:
Center of Advanced studies in Mariculture, Central Marine fisheries research Institute
Santhosh, M; Dr.Nair, N G K(Cochin University of Science and Technology, September , 1985)
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Abstract:
The Kerala region which forms a significant segment of the
south—western Indian shield, dominantly comprises charnockites,
khondalites and migmatitic gneisses of Precambrian age.
Recent investigations have revealed the occurrences of a
number of younger granite and syenite plutons in this region,
.spatially related to regional fault—lineaments. The granite
of Ambalavayal in Wynad district of northern Kerala is a
typical member of this suite of intrusives. The thesis is
based on a comprehensive study in terms of geology, petrology,
geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Ambalavayal granite,
basement gneisses, associated pegmatites, quartz veins and
related mineralization that together cover an area of about
90 sq km in wynad district of northern Kerala.
Santosh, M; Dr.Nair, N G K(Cochin University of Science And Technology, September , 1985)
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Abstract:
The Kerala region which forms a significant segment of the
south—western Indian shield, dominantly comprises charnockites,
khondalites and migmatitic gneisses of Precambrian age.
Recent investigations have revealed the occurrences of a
number of younger granite and syenite plutons in this region,
.spatially related to regional fault—lineaments. The granite
of Ambalavayal in Wynad district of northern Kerala is a
typical member of this suite of intrusives. The thesis is
based on a comprehensive study in terms of geology, petrology,
geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Ambalavayal granite,
basement gneisses, associated pegmatites, quartz veins and
related mineralization that together cover an area of about
90 sq km in wynad district of northern Kerala
Anandaraj,N; Seralathan,P(Depatrtment of Marine Geology & Geophysics, Faculty of Marine Sciences, 2002)
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Abstract:
In the present thesis the petrographic, geochemical and digenetic variability of the sediments in the islands of Kavaratti and Minicoy has been investigated .The beach profile studies show that in the Kavaratti lagoon beach, the slope is steeper in the southern and south central part than in the northern end’s marginal deposition is taking place in the northern end of the Kavaratti island, whereas a marginal erosion is observed at the southern end. In Minicoy the slope of the lagoon beach is gentle in the south and is slightly steeper at the northern part of the beach. The southern and northern beach sections show a marginal deposition. Based on the mineralogical and geochemical studies it is concluded that the main digenetic changes observed is the transformation of aragonite to LMC.The transformation takes place mainly in the vadose zone and is caused by the abundance of fresh water infiltration.
Unnikrishnan,P; Muraleedharan, Nair S(Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, 2000)
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Abstract:
This thesis is a modest attempt in assessing the trace metal levels and their behavior in the aquatic environment of Kuttanad, an aquatic system that is severely affected by man’s intervention on natural processes, by study seriously evaluating the levels of trace metals in dissolved and particulate phases and also in the different chemical fractions of the sediments. Understanding of the distributions, variations and transfer processes of trace metals in different environmental phases in the backwaters of Kuttanad is vital for the assessment of the water pollution problems and study the ecology of the area which contributes 20% of the rice production in the State of Kerala. Kuttand is a low-lying, shallow bay formed as a result of geological uplift. The major economic activity is agriculture involving 40% of the population. About 1.5% of the people are engaged in aquaculture. The trace metal distribution in the Kuttand backwaters is considerably influenced by the tropical features of the location and by human activities including agricultural activities and construction of salinity barrier. In this study an attempt is made to differentiate the metals in the sediment into exchangeable, reducible and resistant fractions in the sediments.
Unnikrishnan,P; Dr.Muraleedharan Nair, S(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, December , 2000)
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Abstract:
Environmental persistence, fate and interactive effects with living
organisms - beneficial or toxic - of trace elements are directly related to the
physico-chemical forms in which they occur. Knowledge on the association of
trace metals with different environmental compartments in an aquatic system
are, therefore, essential for monitoring the trace metal pollution as well as
transport, fate and bio-geochemical cycles of trace metals. This thesis is a
modest attempt in assessing the trace metal levels and their behaviour in the
aquatic environment of Kuttanad, an aquatic system that is severely affected
by man's intervention on natural processes, by seriously evaluating the levels
of trace metals in dissolved and particulate phases and also in the different
chemical fractions of the sediments.
Description:
Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences,
Cochin University of Science and Technology