Rani, Joseph(Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A., October 16, 1992)
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Abstract:
Butyl (IIR) tube reclaim (RR) was mixed with carbon black filled natural rubber (NR) compounds at
various percentages. The blend containing a low percentage of RR was found to show improved ageing
resistance and improved processability with out much reduction in the mechanical properties.
Rani, Joseph(Huthig & Wepf Verlag,Basel, April 16, 1993)
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Abstract:
Scrap latex products contain rubber hydrocarbon of very high quality, that is only
slightly crosslinked. A novel economic technique for converting such latex waste into
a processible material is developed. This paper reports the effect of adding this latex
reclaim to natural rubber. It is shown that latex reclaim can replace raw natural rubber
up to about 50 wt.% without affecting mechanical properties.
Waste latex products are converted to a processabto material by a novel
economical process developed in our laboratory , It contains rubber hydrocarbon
of very high quality and Is lightly cross -linked. Styrene-butadlene
rubber is mixed with latex reclaim In different proportions . The mechanical
properties are found to be improved up to 60 percent replacement of
styrene-butadlene rubber by latex reclaim . The curing of styrene-butadiene
rubber Is found to be accelerated by the addition of latex reclaim. The
processablllty study shows that the blends can be processed similar to
SBRINR blends.
Vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation (kexc: 172 ± 12 nm) of polystyrene films in the presence of oxygen
produced not only oxidatively functionalized surfaces, but generated also morphological changes.
Whereas OH- and C=O-functionalized surfaces might be used for e.g. secondary functionalization,
enhanced aggregation or printing, processes leading to morphological changes open new possibilities of
microstructurization. Series of experiments made under different experimental conditions brought
evidence of two different reaction pathways: introduction of OH- and C=O-groups at the polystyrene
pathways is mainly due to the reaction of reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radicals, atomic oxygen,
ozone) produced in the gas phase between the VUV-radiation source and the substrate. However,
oxidative fragmentation leading to morphological changes, oxidation products of low molecular weight
and eventually to mineralization of the organic substrate is initiated by electronic excitation of the
polymer leading to C–C-bond homolysis and to a complex oxidation manifold after trapping of the
C-centred radicals by molecular oxygen. The pathways of oxidative functionalization or fragmentation
could be differentiated by FTIR-ATR analysis of irradiated polystyrene surfaces before and after
washing with acetonitrile and microscopic fluorescence analysis of the surfaces secondarily
functionalized with the N,N,N-tridodecyl-triaza-triangulenium (TATA) cation. Ozonization of the
polystyrene leads to oxidative functionalization of the polymer surface but cannot initiate the
fragmentation of the polymer backbone. Oxidative fragmentation is initiated by electronic excitation of
the polymer (contact-mode AFM analysis), and evidence of the generation of intermediate C-centred
radicals is given e.g. by experiments in the absence of oxygen leading to cross-linking (solubility effects,
optical microscopy, friction-mode AFM) and disproportionation (fluorescence).
Vanadia/ceria catalysts (2–10 wt% of V2O5) were prepared by wet impregnation of ammonium metavanadate in oxalic acid solution. Structural characterization was done with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area measurements, FT-IR spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic spectral analysis (51V MASNMR). XRD and 51V MASNMR results show highly dispersed vanadia species at lower loadings and the formation of CeVO4 phase at higher V2O5 loading. The catalytic activity of catalysts was conducted in liquid phase oxidation of ethylbenzene with H2O2 as oxidant. The oxidation activity is increased with loading up to 8 wt% V2O5 and then decreased with further increase in V2O5 content to 10 wt%. Different vanadia species evidenced by various techniques were found to be selective towards ethylbenzene oxidation. The CeVO4 formation associated with increased concentration of vanadia on ceria results the production of acetophenone along with 2-hydroxyacetophenone.
Hyunkieu,Yang; Sangseol,Lee(Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, December 5, 2001)
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Abstract:
The cutoff wavenumbers of higher order modes in circular
eccentric guides are computed with the variational analysis combined
with a conformal mapping. A conformal mapping is applied to the
variational formulation, and the variational equation is solved by the
finite-element method. Numerical results for TE and TM cutoff
wavenumbers are presented for different distances between the centers
and ratio of the radii. Comparisons with numerical results found in the
literature validate the presented method
Madhusoodana Kurup, B; Thomas, Joice V; Sreedevi, C(Indian Journal of Marine Sciences, September , 2006)
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Abstract:
Variations of the infaunal polychates populations due to bottom trawling were studied during December 2000 to November 2002 at depth ranging from 0-50 m along Cochin-Munambam area (Kerala, long. 76degree10'94" to 75degree 56' and lat.9degree58' to 10degree10'), in the southwest coast of India.Infaunal polychaetes from the sediment samples were collected both before and after experimental trawling in order to assess the variations on their abundance (no.m-2),biomass(g.m-2) and diversity due to bottom trawling .Highest variations in polychaetes were recorded at station 9 in May 2002 where polychaete abundance increased to 20710 no.m-2 after trawling from 2787 no.m-2 before trawling.Biomass showed highest variations at station 3 in December 2000 where biomass increased from 7.16g.m-2 recorded before trawling to 34.53 g.m-2 in the samples collected after trawling .Multivariate community analysis carried out based on both species abundance and biomass of plychaetes also confirm the wide variations in the similarities of the stations comparing both before and after trawling
V P N Nampoori; Litty, Irimpan; Radhakrishnan, P(Journal of Applied Physics, American Institute of Physics,, 2008)
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Abstract:
We describe the structure of luminescence spectrum in the visible region in nano-ZnO in colloidal
and thin film forms under weak confinement regime by modeling the transition from excited state
energy levels of excitons to their ground state. Measurements on nanocrystallites indicate the
presence of luminescence due to excitonic emissions when excited with 255 nm. The relevant
energy levels showing the transitions corresponding to the observed peaks in the emission spectrum
of ZnO of particle size 18 nm are identified.
Manju, Kurian; Sugunan, S(Elsevier, January , 2006)
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Abstract:
Wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) of phenol is an effective means for the production of diphenols, which are of great industrial importance. An added advantage of this method is the removal of phenol from wastewater effluents. Hydroxylation of phenol occurs efficiently over mixed iron aluminium pillared montmorillonites. An initial induction period is noticed in all cases. A thorough study on the reaction variables suggests free radical mechanism for the reaction.
Lethakumari,B; Sreedevi,Menon K; Priya,Francis; Aanandan,C K; Mohanan,P(Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, January 20, 2005)
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Abstract:
In this paper, we introduce a novel feeding technique for
bandwidth enhancement of a rectangular microstrip antenna This antenna
offers an impedance bandwidth of 22% without degrading the effciencv.
The effect of the feed parameters upon patch characteristics
such as resonant frequency, impedance bandwidth, and radiation pattern are studied in detail. The experimental results are verified using the
FDTD results
Sreedevi,Menon K; Lethakumary,B; Mohanan,P; Bijumon,P V; Sebastian,M T(Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, August 20, 2004)
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Abstract:
A broadband cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna
(DRA) energized with an L-strip feed is presented The novel exciting
technique achieves a 2:1 VSWR bandwidth of 18%. The variation of
bandwidth for different feed parameters is also studied
The design and development of an L-band printed dipole antenna.
optimized for wide-band applications near first resonance, is reported.
This design has achieved more than 48% impedance bandwidth
(VSWR 2:1), without degrading its overall radiation efficiency
Sarin, V P; Nisha, Nassar; Deepu, V; Aanandan, C K; Mohanan, P; Vasudevan, K(Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE, 2009)
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Abstract:
A simple electromagnetically coupled wideband printed microstrip antenna having a 2:1 VSWR bandwidth of 38% covering the 5.2/5.8-GHz WLAN, HIPERLAN2, and HiSWANa communication bands is presented. The large bandwidth is obtained by adding a rectangular metal strip on a slotted square microstrip antenna. The antenna occupies an overall dimension of 42 times 55 times 3.2 mm3 when printed on a substrate of dielectric constant 4. It exhibits good radiation characteristics and moderate gain in the entire operating band. Details of the design along with experimental and simulation results are presented and discussed.
Suma, M N; Bybi, P C; Mohanan, P(Wiely, May , 2006)
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Abstract:
A planar monopole antenna suitable for broadband wireless communication is designed and developed. With the use of a truncated ground plane, the proposed printed monopole antenna offers nearly 60% 2:1 VSWR bandwidth and good radiation characteristics for the frequencies across the operating band. A parametric study of the antenna is performed based on the optimized design, and a prototype of the antenna suitable for 2.4-GHz WLAN application is presented. The antenna can be easily integrated into wireless circuitry and is convenient for application in laptop computers.
Lethakumary,B; Sreedevi,Menon K; Aanandan,C K; Mohanan,P(Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, April 5, 2003)
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Abstract:
An electromagnetically coupled T-shaped microstrip feed
used to enhance the impedance bandwidth of a rectangular microstrip
antenna is reported. The proposed antenna offers a 2:1 VSWR bandwidth
of -36% with an increase in gain of 0.8 dB
Sreedevi,Menon K; Lethakumary,B; Vasudevan,K(Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, November 5, 2002)
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Abstract:
Bandwidth enhancement of a rectangular microstrip
antenna using a T-shaped microstrip feed is explored in this paper.
A 2:1 VSWR impedance bandwidth of 23% is achieved by employing
this technique. The far-field patterns are stable across the pass band.
The proposed antenna can be used conveniently in broadband communications
Mathew,T; Stephen,D S; Aanandan,C K; Mohanan,P; K G Nair(Department of Electronics, 1994)
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Abstract:
A trapezoidal strip grating surface that eliminates specular
reflections almost over the entire X-band frequency range for TM
polarisation is reported. This new grating structure ovemmes the
bandwidth limitation of conventional rectangular strip grating
surfaces.
Mathew,K T; Stephen,D S; Aanandan,C K; Mohanan,P; K G Nair(Department of Electronics, May 12, 1994)
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Abstract:
A trapezoidal strip grating surface that eliminates specular
reflections almost over the entire X -band frequency range for TM
polarization is reported This new grating structure overcomes the
bandwidth limitation of conventional rectangular strip grating surfaces