Abstract: | Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is the coenzyme of various decarboxylases involved in the formation of monoamine urotransmitters such as y-aminobulyric acid (GAE3A), serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine. 1-lowever; in the pyridoxine-deficient rats GABA and 5-HT are decreased in various brain areas including the hypothalamus, with no change in the catecholamine levels. Serotonin and GABA are known to be involved in blood pressure control mechanisms. In this study adult Sprague-Dawley rats placed on a pyridoxine-deficient diet for 8 weeks showed significant hypertension compared with pyridoxine-supplemented controls. This was associated with a general sympathetic stimulation. Treatment of deficient rats with a single dose of pyridoxine (10 mg/kg body weight) reversed the blood pressure to normal levels within 24 h, with concomitant restoration of hypothalamic 5-HT and GABA, as well as the return of plasma norepinephrine to nornr;l levels. The results indicate that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between pyridoxine deficiency and hypertension. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/652 |
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C S Paulose and others(1986).PDF | (1.832Mb) |
Abstract: | Alloxan induced diabetic animal model was used to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of alkaloids extracted from the leaves of Aegis marine/ose. The alkaloid extract maintained the weight of animals near to that of control ones - whereas there was a decrease in the body weight of diabetic animals. A significant increase in blood glucose (342. 14 -+- 14.89 mg/dl) was seen in diabetic animals but in alkaloid treated group the blood glucose was lowered (90: 12 +_5.81 mg/dl). There was no decrease in blood urea arid sreum cholesterol in the alkaloid treated group of diabetic animals. The liver glycogen decreased in diabetic animals (1.27+.12 g/100g of wet tissue) and the treatment brought the glycogen level to that of control ones (2.51 +.75 g/100 g of wet tissue). The result show that the alkaloid extract has hypoglycaemic activity. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/585 |
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P.T.C.Ponnachan and others(1993).PDF | (2.429Mb) |
Abstract: | nerv5o-HusT s ryescteempto. rTshaer oeb pjercetdiovme oinfa tnhtilsy s ltoucdaytewd ains ttoh ein bvreasitnig aanted tahree rionlveo olvf ehdy ipno tphaanlacrmeiact i5c- fHuTn,c t5i-oHn TaInAd acneldl p5r-HolTif2ercatrieocnepttohrr obuingdh isnygm apnadt hgeetniec pphtrqsHehepayaxuTevnepnpa cecIocnrhAirarettfyehilies pfceaasaai tdiolnetaoiae tcddnndmhc tr etab5aiueoncly-ggsamHr oermeHnndiaTasPeuituse2s rsLremdtca id oC tn[orri 3fegoa.5d H c n7t5-epseH.]2l- a mpHro nThtefeoTcv IsprrApeIueaAralga nesnaeterccninrdgrcrdeei e erntc aae5oeeettxg -pie.npHc ectTe rnotrTahoereersme2 rgas acseeiisthosnsxienaaoeprdmynrer a eicr wniestani pstalot iestrhsonov.aen r ted5u shloo-sm..yHifn nT pOe5RTgoh -u bINtH6iAhrys0AT a r%saluIe ta neussA mdxupidn plauya5tgnrnss - ei csHdssospr u sfT5teeg hia-s2cogHehticneef aT fisc.rmc it2teTr oacsc htmot gehr eppoteey oentc 5oh. rei -iarysTpdHsttpthee oTwonde[rt3I ,t ehp AgiH7rfaaeey2 ]lnnaa8 ce5nhmd-r O- doweaiHw caHn5atTnds-i sDc H I-ea7rAPrnT reodaA eg2atalguoyTncyelnz dan.sr eete5 ee5drrp-cdg a-HaebH itincpyTino Tc tr2nRore2cterThccaswee-r trpPe eahecctgCscyoet eRoeperpnmv tpo.feo autt5i rohlsen-ueraxHacdalpstaTtigsremor aeedcanynsuot asbs esnwli.y. o t er5e Ran5ex-nsgTH-pt Hudi-rTnPlwoeTa Csncatt sciohesRioo n oehnb ntna i ey7tgdn ne i huaundntel rs tywartii,nshn y ai5igngesss- |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/526 |
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Valiyaveetil Mohanan and others(2005)july26.PDF | (6.367Mb) |
Abstract: | GABAergic alterations in hypothalamus during compensatory hyperplasia after partial hepatectomy (PH), lead nitrate (LN) induced direct hyperplasia and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced neoplasia in liver were investigated. Serum GABA levels were increased in all 3 experimental groups compared with the control. GABA content decreased in hypothalamus of PH and NDEA treated rats, while it increased in LN treated rats. GABAA receptor number and affinity in hypothalamic membrane preparations of rats showed a significant decrease in PH and NDEA treated rats, while in LN treated rats the affinity increased without any change in the receptor number. The GABAB receptor number increased in PH and NDEA treated rats, while it decreased in LN treated rats. The affinity of the receptor also increased in NDEA treated rats. Plasma NE levels showed significant increase in PH and NDEA rats compared with the control while it decreased in LN treated rats. The results of the present study suggests that liver cell proliferation is influencing the hypothalamic GABAergic neurotransmission and these changes regulate the hepatic proliferation through the sympathetic stimulation. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/591 |
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Mangatt P Biju and others(2001)sept..PDF | (5.259Mb) |
Abstract: | Pyridoxine-deficient young rats (3 weeks old) had significantly reduced levels of pituitary TSH, serum thyroxine (T4) and tri iodothyn nine (T,,) Compared with pyridoxine-supplemented rats. The status of the pituitary-thyroid axis of normal, pyridoxine-supplemented and pyridoxine-deficient rats was evaluated by studying the binding parameters of [3H](3-nicthylhistidine2) TRH in the pituitary of these rats. The effects of TRH and 1'4 injections on pituitary TSH and serum TSH, T4 and T3 of these two groups were also compared. The maximal binding of TRH receptors in the pituitary of pyridoxine-deficient rats was significantly higher than that of pyridoxine-supplemented control and normal rats, but there was no change in the binding affinity. Treatment with TRH stimulated TSH synthesis and release. It also increased serum T4 and T3 in both pyridoxine-supplemented and pyridoxine-deficient rats. Treatment with T4 decreased serum and pituitary TSH in both pyridoxine-supplemented and pyridoxine-deficient rats, compared with saline-treated rats. The increased pituitary TRH receptor content, response to TRH administration and the fact that regulation at the level of the pituitary is not affected in the pyridoxinedeficient rat indicates a hypothalamic origin for the hypothyroidism of the pyridoxine-deficient rat. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/599 |
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K Dakshinamurti and others (1985) sept.5 PDF.PDF | (4.432Mb) |
Abstract: | A chitinolytic fungus, Beau6eria bassiana was isolated from marine sediment and significant process parameters influencing chitinase production in solid state fermentation using wheat bran were optimised. The organism was strongly alkalophilic and produced maximum chitinase at pH 9·20. The NaCl and colloidal chitin requirements varied with the type of moistening medium used. Vegetative (mycelial) inoculum was more suitable than conidial inoculum for obtaining maximal enzyme yield. The addition of phosphate and yeast extract resulted in enhancement of chitinase yield. After optimisation, the maximum enzyme yield was 246·6 units g 1 initial dry substrate (U gIDS 1). This is the first report of the production of chitinase from a marine fungus. |
Description: | Process Biochemistry 34 (1999) 257–267 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4239 |
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Impact of proce ... lid state fermentation.pdf | (444.1Kb) |
Abstract: | Process parameters influencing e-glutaminase production by marine Vibrio costicola in solid state fermentation (SSF) using polystyrene as an inert support were optimised. Maximal enzyme yield (157 U/g dry substrate) was obtained at 2% (w/w) t:glutamine, 35°C and pH 7.0 after 24 h. Maltose and potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 1% (w/w) concentration enhanced enzyme yield by 23 and 18%, respectively, while nitrogen sources had an inhibitory effect. Leachate with high specific activity for glutaminase (4.2 U/mg protein) and low viscosity (0-966 Ns/m 2) was recovered from the polystyrene SSF system |
Description: | Process Biochemistry, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 285-289, 1997 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4243 |
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Impact of proce ... ne as an inert support.pdf | (581.2Kb) |
Abstract: | In the present study, serotonin 2C (5-HT2c) receptor binding parameters in the brainstem and cerebral cortex were investigated during liver generation after partial hepatectomy (PH) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced hepatic neoplasia in male Wistar rats. The serotonin content increased significantly (p<0.01) in the cerebral cortex after PH and in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia. Brain stem serotonin content increased significantly (p<0.05) after PH and (p<0.001) in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia. The number and affinity of the 5-HT2c receptors in the crude synaptic membrane preparations of the brain stem showed a significant (p<0.001) increase after PH and in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia. The number and affinity of 5-HT2c receptors increased significantly (p<0.001) in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia in the crude synaptic membrane preparations of the cerebral cortex. There was a significant (p<0.01) increase in plasma norepinephrine in PH and (p<0.001) in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia, indicating sympathetic stimulation. Thus, our results suggest that during active hepatocyte proliferation 5-HT2c receptor in the brain stem and cerebral cortex are up-regulated which in turn induce hepatocyte proliferation mediated through sympathetic stimulation. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/575 |
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Sulaiman Pyroja and others(2007)26jan.PDF | (5.444Mb) |
Abstract: | Parasympathetic system plays an important role in insulin secretion from the pancreas. Cholinergic effect on pancreatic beta cells exerts primarily through muscarinic receptors. In the present study we investigated the specific role of muscarinic M1 and M3 receptors in glucose induced insulin secretion from rat pancreatic islets in vitro. The involvement of muscarinic receptors was studied using the antagonist atropine. The role of muscarinic MI and M3 receptor subtypes was studied using subtype specific antagonists. Acetylcholine agonist, carbachol, stimulated glucose induced insulin secretion at low concentrations (10-8-10-5 M) with a maximum stimulation at 10-7 M concentration. Carbachol-stimulated insulin secretion was inhibited by atropine confirming the role of muscarinic receptors in cholinergic induced insulin secretion. Both M1 and M3 receptor antagonists blocked insulin secretion induced by carbachol. The results show that M3 receptors are functionally more prominent at 20 mM glucose concentration when compared to MI receptors. Our studies suggest that muscarinic M1 and M3 receptors function differentially regulate glucose induced insulin secretion, which has clinical significance in glucose homeostasis. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/540 |
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T R Renuka and others(2006)may.PDF | (6.074Mb) |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/576 |
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Sudha Balasubramanian and C S P(1997)sept.PDF | (4.635Mb) |
Abstract: | A comparat ive study of the effect oflaser in inducing chro mosomal aberrat ions at 4gg nm was done in View j aba L. (faba bean) and Allium ccpa L. (onion) with Argon ion laser (Spectra Physics Model 171). Seeds and bulbs of V.jaba and A. eepa were subjected to laser irra diation by 4gg nm excitations from Argon ion laser source at power levels 200 and 400 mW with power densities 2.25 mW em" and 4.49 mW em" and ditTerent exposure times (10, 20, 30 & 40 minutes). Similar to the effect of oth er physical and chemical mutagens, laser caused a dose dependent decrease in mitotic index and a rise in mitotic aberrations when compared to the control. In both plant species, mutations were observed in all stages of mitotic cell cycle. The total percentage of aberrations was two fold higher at 400 mW than at 200 mW exposure. |
Description: | GENETICS and BREEDING Volume 28 Number3-4 pp. 27-33, 1996/1997 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4728 |
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Induction of mi ... L. and Allium cepa L..pdf | (3.037Mb) |
Abstract: | The role of thyroid hormones in DNA synthesis and in the activity of Thymidille kinase (TK), a key regulatory enzyme of DNA synthesis was studied in proliferating hepatocytes in vivo. Liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy was used as a model for controlled cell division in rats having different thyroid status - euthyroid, hypothyroid and 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T))-heated hypothyroid. Partial hepatectomy caused a significant elevation of DNA synthesis (p<0.01) in all the three groups compared to their sham-operated counterparts. Hypothyroid liepatectomised animals showed significantly lower (p<0.01) level of DNA synthesis than euthyroid hepatectomised animals. A single subcutaneous close of 1'3 to hypothyroid shamoperated animals resulted in a significant increase (p<0.01) of DNA synthesis in the intact liver. 17tis was comparable to the level of DNA synthesis occurring in regenerating liver of euthyroid animals. In hypothyroid hepatectomised animals, "1'3 showed an additive effect on l)NA synthesis and this group exhibited maximum level of DNA synthesis (p<0.0I ). Studies of the kinetic parameters of TK show that the Michelis-Menten constant, (K111) of TK for thymidine was altered by the thyroid status. K11 increased significantly (p<0.01) in untreated hypothyroid animals when compared to the euthyroid rats. '13 treatment of hypothyroid animals reversed this effect and this group showed the lowest value for K111 (p<0.01). Thus our results indicate that thyroid hormones can influence DNA synthesis during liver regeneration and they may regulate the activity of enzymes such as 17rymidine kinase which are important for DNA synthesis and hence cell division. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/538 |
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Tessy T Maliekal and others(19970feb.PDF | (5.704Mb) |
Abstract: | The functional basis of diabetes-mellitus to a certain extent, can be elucidated by studying diabetes-induced changes in metabolic enzymes. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH), is an enzyme directly involved in glucose metabolism. The kinetic parameters of MDH and its purified cytosolic isozyme, S-MDH, have been studied in the liver of streptozotocin- diabetic rats; also the potential of the leaf extract of A. marmelose as an was investigated. The Km of the liver enzyme increased significantly, in both crude and purified preparations in the diabetic state when compared to Lhe respective controls. Insulin as well as leaf- •extract treatment of the diabetic rats brought about a reversal of K. values to near normal. Vmax of purified S-MDH was significantly higher in the diabetic state when compared to the control. Insulin and leaf extract treatment did not reverse this change. Since MDH is an important enzyme in glucose metabolism, the variation in its quantitative and qualitative nature may contribute to the pathological status of diabetes. The fact that leaf extract of A. marmelose was found to be as effective as insulin in restoration of blood glucose and body weight to normal levels, the use of A. marmelose as potential hypoglycemic agent is suggested. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/588 |
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P V Seema and others (1996)june.PDF | (2.483Mb) |
Abstract: | Optical fiber based laser induced fluorescence (LIF) measurements were carried out using Rhodamine B to analyze two different species of bacteria , a Gram-positive bacteria namely Bacillus smithii , and fibrin alginolvticus, a Gram- negative bacteria . The fiber sensor was clearly able to distinguish between the two species of bacteria . Quenching effect of the dye Rhodamine B by Bacillus smithii was observed . The effect of dye on the samples was also studied in detail. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/723 |
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Sandeep,P M and ... r induced...,march2007.PDF | (3.835Mb) |
Abstract: | Extracellular L-glutaminase production by Beau6eria sp., isolated from marine sediment, was observed during solid state fermentation using polystyrene as an inert support. Maximal enzyme production (49.89 U:ml) occurred at pH 9.0, 27°C, in a seawater based medium supplemented with L-glutamine (0.25% w:v) as substrate and D-glucose (0.5% w:v) as additional carbon source, after 96 h of incubation. Enzyme production was growth associated. Results indicate scope for production of salt tolerant L-glutaminase using this marine fungus |
Description: | Process Biochemistry 35 (2000) 705–710 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4241 |
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L-Glutaminase p ... lid state fermentation.pdf | (310.7Kb) |
Abstract: | Marine fungus BTMFW032, isolated from seawater and identified as Aspergillus awamori, was observed to produce an extracellular lipase, which could reduce 92% fat and oil content in the effluent laden with oil. In this study, medium for lipase production under submerged fermentation was optimized statistically employing response surface method toward maximal enzyme production. Medium with soyabean meal- 0.77% (w/v); (NH4)2SO4-0.1 M; KH2PO4-0.05 M; rice bran oil-2% (v/v); CaCl2-0.05 M; PEG 6000-0.05% (w/v); NaCl-1% (w/v); inoculum-1% (v/v); pH 3.0; incubation temperature 35 8C and incubation period-five days were identified as optimal conditions for maximal lipase production. The time course experiment under optimized condition, after statistical modeling, indicated that enzyme production commenced after 36 hours of incubation and reached a maximum after 96 hours (495.0 U/ml), whereas maximal specific activity of enzyme was recorded at 108 hours (1164.63 U/mg protein). After optimization an overall 4.6- fold increase in lipase production was achieved. Partial purification by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and ion exchange chromatography resulted in 33.7% final yield. The lipase was noted to have a molecular mass of 90 kDa and optimal activity at pH 7 and 40 8C. Results indicated the scope for potential application of this marine fungal lipase in bioremediation. |
Description: | New Biotechnology Volume 28, Number 6 October 2011 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4250 |
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Lipase from mar ... oil effluent treatment.pdf | (940.8Kb) |
Abstract: | The textile industry is one amongst the rapidly growing industries world wide, which utilizes enormous amounts of synthetic dyes. Consequently, the effluent from these textile industries poses serious threat to the environment which is often very difficult to treat and dispose. This has become a very grave problem in environment conservation and hence natural pigments have drawn the attention of industry as safe alternative. In this context, in the present study an attempt was made to bioprospect marine bacteria towards isolation of a suitable and ideal pigment that could be used as a natural dye. A marine Serratia sp. BTWJ8 was recognized to synthesize enormous amounts of a prodigiosin-like pigment. The pigment was isolated and characterized for various properties. The pigment was evaluated for application as a dye in the textile industry. Results of the studies indicated that this pigment could be used as a natural dye for imparting red-yellow colour to various grades of textile materials. The colour was observed to be stable after wash performance studies |
Description: | Proc. Internatl. Conf. Biodiv. Conserv. & Mgt., 2008 : 743 - 4. |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4270 |
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Marine Bacteria ... ye In Textile Industry.pdf | (330.1Kb) |
Abstract: | Prodigiosin is known for its immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antimycotic, antimalarial, algicidal and anticancer activities. Here, we reported the evaluation of prodigiosin pigment as a dyeing agent in rubber latex, paper and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) so that it can be considered as an alternative to synthetic pigments. Maximum color shade was obtained in rubber sheet prepared with 0.5 parts per hundred gram of rubber (phr) pigment and PMMA sheet incorporated with 0.08 μg pigment. Results indicate scope for utilization of prodigiosin as dye for PMMA and rubber and also prodigiosin dyed paper as a pH indicator. Further, being a natural and water insoluble pigment, it is ecofriendly |
Description: | African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(17), pp. 2266-2269, 24 April, 2013 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4263 |
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Marine bacteria ... ylate sheets and paper.pdf | (156.6Kb) |
Abstract: | 3.4. Lipase (EC-3.1. 1.3) 3.5. Other Known Enzymes 3.6. Extremozymes (Enzymes from extremophiles) 3.7. Recognition of Valuable Extremozymes 4. Enzymes as Tools in Biotechnology 4.1. Restriction Enzymes from Marine Bacteria 4.2. Other Nucleases from Marine Bacteria 4.3. Bacteriolytic Enzyme by Bacteriophage from Seawater 5. Innovations in Enzyme Technology 5.1. Enzyme Engineering 5.2. Immobilization Technology 5.3. Gene Cloning for Marine Enzymes 6. Future Prospects |
Description: | Biotechnology vol 9,pp 1-15 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4255 |
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Marine Microbial Enzymes.pdf | (493.5Kb) |
Abstract: | An alkaline protease gene (Eap) was isolated for the first time from a marine fungus, Engyodontium album. Eap consists of an open reading frame of 1,161 bp encoding a prepropeptide consisting of 387 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 40.923 kDa. Homology comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of Eap with other known proteins indicated that Eap encode an extracellular protease that belongs to the subtilase family of serine protease (Family S8). A comparative homology model of the Engyodontium album protease (EAP) was developed using the crystal structure of proteinase K. The model revealed that EAP has broad substrate specificity similar to Proteinase K with preference for bulky hydrophobic residues at P1 and P4. Also, EAP is suggested to have two disulfide bonds and more than two Ca2? binding sites in its 3D structure; both of which are assumed to contribute to the thermostable nature of the protein. |
Description: | World J Microbiol Biotechnol (2010) 26:1269–1279 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4259 |
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Molecular cloni ... odontium album BTMFS10.pdf | (590.8Kb) |
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