Given a non empty set S of vertices of a graph, the partiality of a vertex with respect to S
is the di erence between maximum and minimum of the distances of the vertex to the vertices
of S. The vertices with minimum partiality constitute the fair center of the set. Any vertex set
which is the fair center of some set of vertices is called a fair set. In this paper we prove that the
induced subgraph of any fair set is connected in the case of trees and characterise block graphs
as the class of chordal graphs for which the induced subgraph of all fair sets are connected. The
fair sets of Kn, Km;n, Kne, wheel graphs, odd cycles and symmetric even graphs are identi ed.
The fair sets of the Cartesian product graphs are also discussed
Maya, I; Dr.Sankaranarayanan, K C(Cochin University of Science and Technology, 2002)
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Abstract:
The present study was an attempt to analytically approach the problem of farm
poverty in Kerala from an entirely different angle by incorporating an independently
developed and reformulated definition of poverty line in terms of physical units of
operational holdings (say, acre). The entire discussion on farm poverty emerged out of
proper co-ordination of two important factors popularly considered as the distinct
features of I<erala's agrarian sector, viz, unparalleled proliferation of marginal holdings
and the unique and emirable position enjoyed by the state in terms of farm
productivity. This brief analytical study on farm poverty, conducted in the light of inter
regional variations in farm productivity tried to highlight various grave issues deserving
thorough introspection.
Description:
Department of Applied Economics,Cochin University of Science and Technology
Jomi, Thomas; Dr. Anil Kumar, S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, September , 2010)
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Abstract:
Farm communication and extension programs are vital part of the farm
development attempts. Electronic media plays a major role in farm extension
activities. Kerala, the consumer state, which was a complete agricultural state
in pre-independence period, is the sprouting land of agricultural extension and
publication activities in print media. Later AIR (All India Radio) farm programs
and farm broadcasting of Doordarshan enriched the role of electronic media in
farm extension activities. The media saturated southern state of India received
this new electronic media farm communication revolution whole heartedly.
However, after 1990, Kerala witnessed a flood of private T V channels and
currently there are 24 channels in this regional language, named Malayalam. All
major news and entertainment channels are broadcasting farm programs. Farm
programs of AIR and Doordarshan, broadcasted in Malayalam language, have
been well accepted to the farmers‘ in Kerala.
However, post-independence period, witnessed the formation of Kerala state in
Indian Union and the first ballot-elected communist Government started its
administration. After the land reform bills, the state witnessed a gradual
decrease in agricultural production. Even if it is not reflected much in the
attitude and practices of farm community and farm broadcast of traditional
electronic broadcasting, a change is observable after the post-liberalization era
of India. Private Television channels, which were focused on entertainment
value of programs, started broadcasting farm programs and the parameters of
program production went through certain changes.
In this situation, there is ample relevance for a study about the farm programs
of electronic media in terms of a comparative study of audience perception. The
study is limited in the state of Kerala as it is the most media saturated state in
India.
The study analyzes the rate, nature and scope of adoption of farming methods
transmitted through electronic media (T.V. and Radio) in Malayalam language.All kinds of Farm programs including comprehensive program serials, success
stories, seasonal cropping methods, experts opinion, been analyzed on the
basis of the following objectives.
To find whether propagating new farm methods through farm programs
in electronic media or the availability of adequate infrastructure and
economic factors make a farmer to adopt a new farming method.
To find which electronic media has more influence on farmers to adopt
agricultural programs.
To find which form of electronic media gets better feedback from farmers
To find out whether the programs of T.V. or Radio is more acceptable to
farmers than the print media.
To find whether farmers gets the message through their preferred
medium for the message.
The researcher recorded opinions from a panel of agricultural officers, farm
Information officers, agro extension researchers and experts. According to their
opinions and guidelines, a pilot study is designed and conducted in Kanjikuzhy
Panchayath, in Alappuzha district, Kerala. The Panchayath is selected by
considering its ideal nature of being the sample for a social Science research.
Besides, the nature of farming in the Panchayath, which devoid of the
cultivation of cash crops also supported its sample value.
As per the observations from the pilot study, researcher confirmed the
Triangulation method as the methodology of research. The questionnaire
survey, being the primary part contained 42 Questions with 6 independent and
32 dependent variables. The survey is conducted among 400 respondents in
Idukki, Alappuzha and Pathanamthitta districts considering geographical
differences and distribution of different types of crops. The response from a
total of 360 respondents, 120 from each district, finally selected for tabulation
and data analysis.The data analysis, based on percentage analysis, along with the results from
focus group discussion among a selected group of 20 farmers, together
produced the results as follows.
Farmers, who are the audience of farm programs, have a very serious
approach towards the medium. They are maintaining a critical point of view
towards the content of the programs. Farmers are reasonably aware about the
financial side of the programs and the monitory aspirations of both private and
Government owned Television channels.
Even though, the farmers are not aware on the technical terminology and
jargons, they have ideas about success stories, program serials and they are
even informed about channels are not maintaining an audience research
section like AIR.
Though the farmers accept Doordarshan as the credential source of farm
information and methods, they are inclined to the entertainment value of
programs too. They prefer to have more entertainment value for the programs
of Doordarshan. Surprisingly, they have very solid suggestions on even about
the shots which add entertainment value to the farm broadcasting methods of
Doordarshan.
Farmers are very much aware about the fact that media is just an instrument for
inspiration and persuasion. They strongly believe that the source of information
and new methods is agricultural research and an effective change happens
only when there are adequate infrastructure and marketing facilities, along with
the proper support from Government agricultural guideline and support systems
like Krishi Bhavans. They strongly believe that media alone cannot create any
magic in increasing agricultural production.
Farmers are pointing out the lack of response to the feedback and queries of
farmers on farming methods, as an evidence for the difference in levels of
commitment of Government and private owned Television channels.Farmers are still perceiving AIR farm programs are far more committed to
farmers and farming than any other electronic medium. However, they are
seriously lacking Radio receivers with medium wave reception facility.
Farmers perceive that the farming methods on new crops are more adoptable
than the farming methods of traditional crops in both private and Government
owned Television channels. There are multiple factors behind this observation
from farmers.
Farmers changed in terms of viewing habits and they prefer success stories,
which are totally irrelevant and they even think that such stories encourage
people to go for farming and they opined that such stories are good sources of
inspiration. However, they are all very much sure about the importance and
particular about the presence of entertainment factor even in farm programs.
Farmers expect direct interaction of any expert of the new farming method to
implement the method in their agriculture practices. Though introduction of a
new idea in the T.V. is acceptable, farmers need the direct instruction of expert
on field to start implementing the new farming practices
Farmers still have an affinity towards print media reports and agricultural pages
and they have complaints to print media on the removal of agricultural
information pages from news papers. They prefer the reports in print media as it
facilitates them to collect and refer articles when they need it.
Farmers are having an eye of doubt about the credibility of farm programs by
private T.V. channels. Even if they prefer private Television channels for
listening and adopting new farming methods and other farm information, they
scrutinize programs to know whether they are sponsored programs by agrochemical
or agro-fertilizer manufacturer.
Description:
Department of Applied Economics,Cochin University of Science and Technology
Mythili, P; Vijayakumari, C K(IEEE, January 3, 2012)
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Abstract:
Combinational digital circuits can be evolved
automatically using Genetic Algorithms (GA). Until recently this
technique used linear chromosomes and and one dimensional
crossover and mutation operators. In this paper, a new method
for representing combinational digital circuits as 2 Dimensional
(2D) chromosomes and suitable 2D crossover and mutation
techniques has been proposed. By using this method, the
convergence speed of GA can be increased significantly
compared to the conventional methods. Moreover, the 2D
representation and crossover operation provides the designer
with better visualization of the evolved circuits. In addition to
this, a technique to display automatically the evolved circuits has
been developed with the help of MATLAB
Description:
Power, Signals, Controls and Computation (EPSCICON), 2012 International Conference on
Mythili, P; Shanavaz, K T(Taylor & Francis, September 13, 2012)
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Abstract:
In this article, techniques have been presented for faster evolution of wavelet
lifting coefficients for fingerprint image compression (FIC). In addition to
increasing the computational speed by 81.35%, the coefficients performed much
better than the reported coefficients in literature. Generally, full-size images are
used for evolving wavelet coefficients, which is time consuming. To overcome
this, in this work, wavelets were evolved with resized, cropped, resized-average
and cropped-average images. On comparing the peak- signal-to-noise-ratios
(PSNR) offered by the evolved wavelets, it was found that the cropped
images excelled the resized images and is in par with the results reported till
date. Wavelet lifting coefficients evolved from an average of four 256 256
centre-cropped images took less than 1/5th the evolution time reported in
literature. It produced an improvement of 1.009 dB in average PSNR.
Improvement in average PSNR was observed for other compression ratios
(CR) and degraded images as well. The proposed technique gave better PSNR for
various bit rates, with set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) coder. These
coefficients performed well with other fingerprint databases as well.
Description:
International Journal of Electronics, 2013
Vol. 100, No. 5, 655 -668
The presence of microcalcifications in mammograms can be considered as an early indication of breast cancer. A fastfractal block coding method to model the mammograms fordetecting the presence of microcalcifications is presented in this paper. The conventional fractal image coding method takes enormous amount of time during the fractal block encoding.procedure. In the proposed method, the image is divided intoshade and non shade blocks based on the dynamic range, andonly non shade blocks are encoded using the fractal encodingtechnique. Since the number of image blocks is considerablyreduced in the matching domain search pool, a saving of97.996% of the encoding time is obtained as compared to theconventional fractal coding method, for modeling mammograms.The above developed mammograms are used for detectingmicrocalcifications and a diagnostic efficiency of 85.7% isobtained for the 28 mammograms used.
Description:
IEEE-International Conference on Signal processing, Communications and Networking
Madras Institute of Technology, Anna University Chennai India, Jan 4-6, 2008. Pp368-373
Sony, George; Ajai, Kumar; Singh, R K; Nampoori, V P N(American Institute of Physics, 2009)
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Abstract:
The dynamics of plasma plume, formed by the laser-blow-off of multicomponent LiF-C thin film
under various ambient pressures ranging from high vacuum to argon pressure of 3 Torr, has been
studied using fast imaging technique. In vacuum, the plume has ellipsoidal shape. With the increase
in the ambient pressure, sharp plume boundary is developed showing a focusing-like confinement
in the lateral space behavior in the front end, which persists for long times. At higher ambient
pressure (> 10−1 Torr ), structures are developed in the plasma plume due to hydrodynamic
instability/turbulences.
Manju, Mary Joseph; Dr.Chandramohanakumar, N(Cochin University of Science and Technology, October , 2009)
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Abstract:
The biogeochemistry of mangroves are the least understood ecological properties because of their sediment complexicity due to the tidal influx of allochthonous organic matter and the autochthonous inputs.In order to understand the relative importance of biogeochemical processes,it is necessary not only to characterise and qualify the organic matter but also to identify its major sources .The present study is a preliminary investigation to identify the sources of organic matter in three mangrove systems of Cochin Estuary using fatty acid biomarkers,δ13 C of total organic matter,elemental composition and biochemical composition.
Description:
Department of Chemical Oceanography,Cochin University of Science and
Technology
Poulose Jacob,K; Rekha, James K; Shahana, T K; Sreela Sasi(IEEE, October 30, 2007)
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Abstract:
In recent years, reversible logic has emerged as one
of the most important approaches for power optimization
with its application in low power CMOS, quantum computing
and nanotechnology. Low power circuits implemented using
reversible logic that provides single error correction – double
error detection (SEC-DED) is proposed in this paper. The
design is done using a new 4 x 4 reversible gate called ‘HCG’
for implementing hamming error coding and detection
circuits. A parity preserving HCG (PPHCG) that preserves
the input parity at the output bits is used for achieving fault
tolerance for the hamming error coding and detection circuits.
Lethakumary,B; Sreedevi, Menon K; Aanandan,C K; Vasudevan, K; Mohanan, P(Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, November 20, 2004)
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Abstract:
A theoretical analysis of a symmetric T-shaped rnicrostripfed
rectangular microstrip antenna using the finite-difference titnedoniain
(FDTD) method is presented in this paper. The resonant frequency,
return loss, impedance bandwidth, and radiation patterns are
predicted and are in good agreement with the measured results
Poulose Jacob,K; Sonia, Sunny; David, Peter S(IEEE, August 9, 2012)
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Abstract:
Speech signals are one of the most important means
of communication among the human beings. In this paper, a
comparative study of two feature extraction techniques are
carried out for recognizing speaker independent spoken
isolated words. First one is a hybrid approach with Linear
Predictive Coding (LPC) and Artificial Neural Networks
(ANN) and the second method uses a combination of Wavelet
Packet Decomposition (WPD) and Artificial Neural Networks.
Voice signals are sampled directly from the microphone and
then they are processed using these two techniques for
extracting the features. Words from Malayalam, one of the
four major Dravidian languages of southern India are chosen
for recognition. Training, testing and pattern recognition are
performed using Artificial Neural Networks. Back propagation
method is used to train the ANN. The proposed method is
implemented for 50 speakers uttering 20 isolated words each.
Both the methods produce good recognition accuracy. But
Wavelet Packet Decomposition is found to be more suitable for
recognizing speech because of its multi-resolution
characteristics and efficient time frequency localizations
Description:
Advances in Computing and Communications (ICACC), 2012 International Conference on
Poulose Jacob,K; Supriya, M H; Liny, Varghese(International Journal of Computer Science and Communication, June , 2012)
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Abstract:
Treating e-mail filtering as a binary text classification problem, researchers have applied several statistical learning
algorithms to email corpora with promising results. This paper examines the performance of a Naive Bayes classifier
using different approaches to feature selection and tokenization on different email corpora
Description:
International Journal of Computer Science and Communication Vol. 3, No. 1, January-June 2012, pp. 81-84