Abstract: | The composition and variability of heterotrophic bacteria along the shelf sediments of south west coast of India and its relationship with the sediment biogeochemistry was investigated. The bacterial abundance ranged from 1.12 x 103 – 1.88 x 106 CFU g-1 dry wt. of sediment. The population showed significant positive correlation with silt (r = 0.529, p< 0.05), organic carbon (OC) (r = 0.679, p< 0.05), total nitrogen (TN) (r = 0.638, p< 0.05), total protein (TPRT) (r = 0.615, p< 0.05) and total carbohydrate (TCHO) (r = 0.675, p< 0.05) and significant negative correlation with sand (r = -0.488, p< 0.05). Community was mainly composed of Bacillus, Alteromonas, Vibrio, Coryneforms, Micrococcus, Planococcus, Staphylococcus, Moraxella, Alcaligenes, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium and Aeromonas. BIOENV analysis explained the best possible environmental parameters i.e., carbohydrate, total nitrogen, temperature, pH and sand at 50m depth and organic matter, BPC, protein, lipid and temperature at 200m depth controlling the distribution pattern of heterotrophic bacterial population in shelf sediments. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the environmental variables showed that the first and second principal component accounted for 65% and 30.6% of the data variance respectively. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed a strong correspondence between bacterial distribution and environmental variables in the study area. Moreover, non-metric MDS (Multidimensional Scaling) analysis demarcated the northern and southern latitudes of the study area based on the bioavailable organic matter |
Description: | Advances in Applied Science Research, 2013, 4(3):315-328 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4079 |
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Biogeochemistry ... bacterial heterotrophs.pdf | (634.3Kb) |
Description: | Winter School on 'RECENT ADVANCES IN DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF DISEASES IN MARICULTURE' 7-27 November, 2002 Course Manual,CMFRI |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4087 |
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Bioremediation In Prawn Grow Out Systems.pdf | (236.8Kb) |
Abstract: | Occurrence of black yeasts in the slope sediments of Bay of Bengal was investigated during FORV Sagar Sampada cruises 236 and 245. The black yeast population was found to be very scanty in the area and the isolates could be obtained from 200m to 1000m depth regions in the slope sediments. The isolates were identified as Hortaea werneckii by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequencing. The biodegradation potential of these strains was found to be very high with all the strains exhibiting protease, lipase and amylase production. The optimum growth conditions were pH 8, salinity 30 ppt and temperature 30oC. The pigment melanin, in these organisms was identified to be of dihydroxynaphthalene type by NMR. The melanin was found to exhibit inhibitory activity against different human and fish pathogens. Melanin degrading enzyme could also be extracted from these organisms |
Description: | Mycosphere 4 (3): 346–361 (2013) |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4081 |
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Black yeasts fr ... ional characterization.pdf | (930.2Kb) |
Abstract: | A Pseudomonas sp PS-102 recovered from Muttukkadu brackish water lagoon, situated south of Chennai, showed significant activity against a number of shrimp pathogenic vibrios. Out of the 112 isolates of bacterial pathogens comprising Vibrio harveyi, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, and Aeromonas spp, 73% were inhibited in vitro by the cell-free culture supernatant of Pseudomonas sp PS-102 isolate. The organism produced yellowish fluorescent pigment on King's B medium, hydrolysed starch and protein, and produced 36.4% siderophore units by CAS assay and 32 μM of catechol siderophores as estimated by Arnow's assay. The PS-102 isolate showed wide ranging environmental tolerance with, temperatures from 25 to 40 °C, pH from 6 to 8, salinity from 0 to 36 ppt, while the antagonistic activity peaked in cultures grown at 30 °C, pH 8.0 and at 5 ppt saline conditions. The antagonistic activity of the culture supernatant was evident even at 30% v / v dilution against V. harveyi. The preliminary studies on the nature of the antibacterial action indicated that the antagonistic principle as heat stable and resistant to proteolytic, lipolytic and amylolytic enzymes. Pseudomonas sp PS 102 was found to be safe to shrimp when PL-9 stage were challenged at 107 CFU ml−1 and by intramuscular injection into of ∼5 g sub-adults shrimp at 105 to 108 CFU. Further, its safety in a mammalian system, tested by its pathogenicity to mice, was also determined and its LD50 to BALB/c mice was found to be 109 CFU. The results of this study indicated that the organism Pseudomonas sp PS 102 could be employed as a potential probiont in shrimp and prawn aquaculture systems for management and control of bacterial infections |
Description: | Aquaculture 251 (2006) 192–200 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4023 |
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A brackishwater ... enaeid rearing systems.pdf | (152.9Kb) |
Abstract: | In the present study, we investigated the involvement of Aeromonas spp. in eliciting disease outbreaks in freshwater ornamental fishes across the state of Kerala, India. We investigated three incidences of disease, in which the moribund fishes exhibited clinical signs such as haemorrhagic septicemia (in gouramy, Trichogaster sp.), dropsy (in Oscar, Astronotus ocellatus) and tail rot/fin rot (in gold fish, Carassius carassius). Pure cultures (n = 20 from each fish; 60 in total) of Aeromonas spp. were recovered from the abdominal fluid as well as from internal organs of affected fishes, although they could not be identified to species level because of the variations in their phenotypic characters. The molecular fingerprinting of the isolates using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR proved the genetic diversity of the isolates from the three sites. The phylogenetic trees constructed using concatenated sequences (using 16S rRNA, gyrA, gyrB and rpoD genes) indicated that they were related to Aeromonas veronii. They exhibited marked cytotoxic and haemolytic activity, which were responsible for the pathogenic potential of the isolates. The isolates possessed multiple virulence genes such as enterotoxins (act and alt), haemolytic toxins (aerA and hlyA), genes involved in type III secretion system (ascV, aexT and ascF–ascG), glycerophospholipid-cholesterol acyltransferase (gcat) and a type IV pilus (tapA) gene, as determined by PCR. Virulence of representative isolates to goldfish was also tested, and we found LD50 values of 104.07–105.35 cfu/fish. Furthermore, the organisms could be recovered as pure cultures from the lesions as well as from the internal organs. |
Description: | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (2013) 103:53–67 DOI 10.1007/s10482-012-9786-z |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4082 |
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Characterizatio ... ishes of Kerala, India.pdf | (431.0Kb) |
Abstract: | Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are humoral innate immune components of fishes that provide protection against pathogenic infections. Histone derived antimicrobial peptides are reported to actively participate in the immune defenses of fishes. Present study deals with identification of putative antimicrobial sequences from the histone H2A of sicklefin chimaera, Neoharriotta pinnata. A 52 amino acid residue termed Harriottin-1, a 40 amino acid Harriottin-2, and a 21 mer Harriottin-3 were identified to possess antimicrobial sequence motif. Physicochemical properties andmolecular structure ofHarriottins are in agreement with the characteristic features of antimicrobial peptides, indicating its potential role in innate immunity of sicklefin chimaera. The histone H2A sequence of sicklefin chimera was found to differ from previously reported histone H2A sequences. Phylogenetic analysis based on histone H2A and cytochrome oxidase subunit-1 (CO1) gene revealed N. pinnata to occupy an intermediate position with respect to invertebrates and vertebrates |
Description: | ISRN Molecular Biology Volume 2013, Article ID 930216, 10 pages |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4069 |
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Characterizatio ... ncewith respect to CO1.pdf | (6.312Mb) |
Abstract: | Chitosan has beenwidely accepted as awall material for preparing microcapsules of various purposes in human medicine. The possibility of using chitosan as a wall material for microencapsulating nutrients and drugs for aquaculture purposes, speci¢cally to Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae was evaluated in this study. Two types of chitosan-coated microcapsules were prepared using either acetone (MEC-A) or NaOH (MEC-N) as the cross-linking agents. They were compared with a microbound diet relative to total leaching of nutrients and free amino acids (FAA). Among the microcapsules, MEC-N showed the lowest level of total leaching of nutrients (23.3%) during 5 h of immersion in seawater and released 65% FAA after 60min. During laboratory trials,75% larvae had accepted the MEC-N capsule. The results of the study suggest that chitosan can be used as a wall material for preparing microcapsules to deliver drugs and nutrients to M. rosenbergii larvae. |
Description: | Aquaculture Research, 2008, 39, 885^890 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.01944.x |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4061 |
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Chitosan as a w ... nbergii(de Man) larvae.pdf | (269.8Kb) |
Abstract: | This study investigated the enhancement of solar disinfection using custom-made batch reactors with reflective (foil-backed) or absorptive (black-backed) rear surfaces, under a range of weather conditions in India. Plate counts of Escherichia coli ATCC11775 were made under aerobic conditions and under conditions where reactive oxygen species (ROS) were neutralised, i.e. in growth medium supplemented with 0.05% w/v sodium pyruvate plus incubation under anaerobic conditions. While the addition of either an absorptive or a reflective backing enhanced reactor performance under strong sunlight, the reflective reactor was the only system to show consistent enhancement under low sunlight, where the process was slowest. Counts performed under ROS-neutralised conditions were slightly higher than those in air, indicating that a fraction of the cells become sub-lethally injured during exposure to sunlight to the extent that they were unable to grow aerobically. However, the influence of this phenomenon on the dynamics of inactivation was relatively small |
Description: | WATER RESEARCH 40 (2006) 721 – 727 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4032 |
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Comparative eff ... smissive rear surfaces.pdf | (297.7Kb) |
Abstract: | A growth medium with Leibovitz-15 L-15.as the base, supplemented with foetal bovine serum 10% vrv., fish muscle extract 10% vrv., prawn muscle extract 10% vrv., lectin concanavalin A. 0.02 mg mly1., lipopolysaccharide 0.02 mg mly1., glucose D 0.2 mg mly1., ovary extract 0.5% vrv.and prawn haemolymph 0.5%. has been formulated with 354"10 mOsm for the development and maintenance of a cell culture system from the ovarian tissue of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. For its subculturing, a cell dissociationrextracting solution, composed of equal portions of trypsin phosphate versene glucose TPVG. containing 0.0125% wrv.trypsin and 25% vrv.non-enzymatic cell dissociation solution 1 and 2, has also been developed with which the cell culture can be passaged 15 times after which they cease to multiply and consequently perish. The cell cultures can be maintained for 12–15 days without fluid change between the passages. This is the first report of a cell culture system from the ovarian tissues of African catfish |
Description: | Aquaculture 194 (2001)51–62 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4034 |
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Development of ... ish_Clarias gariepinus.pdf | (878.4Kb) |
Abstract: | Two ammonia oxidizing (AMOPCU-1 and AMONPCU-1) and two nitrite oxidizing (NIOPCU-1 and NIONPCU-1) consortia for activating nitrifying bioreactors and thereby establishing nitrification in penaeid and non-penaeid hatchery systems were developed by enrichment. For further amplification of the consortia a simple medium having seawater (either salinity 30 ‰ or 15 ‰) as base, supplemented with NH4+-N/NO2--N and PO4- and pH adjusted to 8 was identified. During the amplification in a fermentor the consortia exhibited excessive wall growth and diminished their yield coefficient posing difficulty in harvesting the cells completely. The consortia consisted of both Gram negative and Gram-positive bacterial cells embedded in a mucilaginous matrix of glycocalyx - like material presumably composed of polysaccharides. The consortia besides being useful in activating nitrifying bioreactors developed for shrimp/prawn hatchery systems can also be used as bioaugmentors in the bioremediation of ammonia and nitrite toxicity in aquaculture systems. |
Description: | Indian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol. 35(3), September 2006, pp. 240-248 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4053 |
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Development of ... systems in the tropics.pdf | (387.8Kb) |
Abstract: | The immunostimulatory effect of an alkali insoluble glucan extracted from marine yeast isolate Candida sake S165 was tested in Fenneropenaeus indicus. Post larvae (PL) of F. indicus, fed glucan incorporated diet at varying concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 g glucan/100 g feed) for 21 days were challenged orally with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Maximum survival was observed in PL fed the 0.2% glucan incorporated diet. Subsequently the feed incorporated with 0.2% glucan was fed to F. indicus post larvae at different feeding intervals, i.e. daily, once every two days, once every five days, once every seven days and once every ten days. After 40 days, the prawns were challenged orally with WSSV and post challenge survival was recorded. Shrimp feed containing 0.2% glucan when administered once every seven days gave maximum survival. This was supported by haematological data obtained from adult F. indicus, i.e. total haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction (NBT). The present observation confirms the importance of dose and frequency of administration of immunostimulants in shrimp health management |
Description: | Aquaculture 287 (2009) 248–252 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4029 |
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Dosefrequency A ... Fenneropenaeus indicus.pdf | (682.2Kb) |
Abstract: | Prawn shell waste collected from shrimp-processing plants in Cochin, India, was subjected to fermentation using 20 chitinoclastic and proteolytic/non-proteolytic bacterial strains. The products generated were analysed for protein, lipid, total sugars, N-acetyl glucosamine, free amino acids and ash. Shrimp diets were prepared using these 20 fermented products and a control diet using raw prawn shell waste. Feeding experiment was conducted with postlarvae (PL21) of Indian white prawn, Fenneropenaeus indicus for a period of 21 days. Biogrowth parameters such as mean weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio were estimated and the animals were challenged with white spot virus orally via diet. Enhanced growth could be observed in prawns fed F134 and F124, incorporated with the fermentation products generated using Bacillus spp., C134 and C124 respectively. The percentage survival of prawns after 7 days of challenge was found to be highest for groups fed diet F111 incorporated with fermentation product generated using Bacillus sp. These products of bacterial fermentation hold promise as growth enhancers and immunostimulants in aquaculture. KEY WORDS: biogrowth parameters, feed |
Description: | Aquaculture Nutrition 2006 12; 433–442 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4062 |
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Efficacy of fer ... Fenneropenaeus indicus.pdf | (174.3Kb) |
Abstract: | A continuous cell line (SISK) from kidney of sea bass, Lates calcarifer, has been established and characterized. The cell line was maintained in Leibovitz' L-15 supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum. This cell line has been subcultured more than 100 times over a period of 2 years. The SISK cell line consists of predominantly of epithelial-like cells. These cells showed strong positive for epithelial markers such as cytokeratin 19 and pancytokeratin. The cells were able to grow at temperature between 25 and 32 °C with optimum temperature of 28 °C. The growth rate of sea bass kidney cells increased as the FBS proportion increased from 2% to 20% at 28 °C with optimum growth at the concentrations of 15% or 20% FBS. The distribution of chromosome number was 30 to 56 with a modal peak at 48 chromosomes. Polymerase chain reaction products were obtained from SISK cells and tissues of sea bass with primer sets of microsatellite markers of sea bass. Five fish viruses were tested on this cell line to determine its susceptibility to these viruses and this was found to be susceptible to MABV NC1 and nodavirus, and the infection was confirmed by RT-PCR and CPE. This suggests that the SISK cell line has good potential for the isolation of various fish viruses. This cell line has been shown to be susceptible to bacterial extracellular products. The SISK cell line is the India's first marine fish cell line. |
Description: | Aquaculture 257 (2006) 92–103 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4025 |
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Establishment a ... ass (Lates calcarifer).pdf | (1.207Mb) |
Abstract: | Development of continuous shrimp cell lines for effective investigation on shrimp viruses remains elusive with an arduous history of over 25 years. Despite presenting challenges to researchers in developing a cell line, the billion dollar aquaculture industry is under viral threat. Advances in molecular biology and various gene transfer technologies for immortalization of cells have resulted in the development of hundreds of cell lines from insects and mammals, but yet not a single cell line has been developed from shrimp and other marine invertebrates. Though improved growth and longevity of shrimp cells in vitro could be achieved by using modified growth media this did not make any leap to spontaneous transformation; probably due to the fact that shrimp cells inhibited neoplastic transformations. Oncogenic induction and immortalization are considered as the possible ways, and an exclusive medium for shrimp cell culture and an appropriate mode of transformation are crucial. In this review status of shrimp cell line development and its future orientation are discussed |
Description: | Indian J. Virol. (July–September 2012) 23(2):244–251 DOI 10.1007/s13337-012-0089-9 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4056 |
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Establishment o ... eption and Orientation.pdf | (265.6Kb) |
Abstract: | Whitespot virus could be experimentally transmitted from infected Penoeus monodon to P. in.dicus and repeatedly passed on through several batches of apparently healthy J'. in dieas. During these passages, white spots first disappeared before subsequently reappearing, Electron microscopic studies revealed the presence of oblong-shaped, fully-assembled virus towards the periphery and virus in paracrystalline arrnys towards the center of the hypertrophied nuclei. The virus isolated here is referred to as whitespot syndrome baculovirus (WSBV) until more is known of its antigenic .md genomic rclatodnc..s to isolates from other countries |
Description: | Aeiau Fisheries Science 12(1999):41-47 Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4073 |
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Evidence Of A B ... Milne Edwards In India.pdf | (432.8Kb) |
Abstract: | Heterotrophic bacterial flora of Pmonadon from an apparently healthy hatchery system as well as a pool with heavy mortality were isolated and studied. In the healthy systems comparatively higher generic diversity with Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Micrococcus, members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and coryneform group in the diminishing order of dominance was recorded. Meanwhile from the moribund larvae and rearing water Aeromonas and Pseudomonas could be isolated in almost equal proportions. Strikingly, Aeromonas could not be isolated from the apparently healthy larval rearing system and its exclusive occurrence in the sick culture system in comparatively higher percentage suggested its possible role in the mortality. They were found to be highly halophilic exhibiting growth at 10% NaCl. On testing their sensitivity to twenty antibiotics, four of them (Streptomycin, Gentamycin, Methamine mandelate and Cloramphenicol) were found to be effective on all the isolates of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas suggesting their possible application in the hatchery system in times of emergency. While doing so, Streptomycin would do comparatively better than the others as the minimum inhibitory dose required was comparatively lower (200ppm) within a period of 24 hours |
Description: | The Fourth Indian Fisheries Forum Proceedings 24-28. Ncvemher, 1996. Kochi . p. 327-331). |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4088 |
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Heterotrophic B ... onodon H.Milne Edwards.PDF | (3.130Mb) |
Abstract: | Shrimp grow out systems under zero water exchange mode demand constant remediation of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) andNO2 −–Nto protect the crop. To address this issue, aninexpensive and user-friendly technology using immobilized nitrifying bacterial consortia (NBC) as bioaugmentors has been developed and proposed for adoption in shrimp culture systems. Indigenous NBC stored at 4 °C were activated at room temperature (28 °C) and cultured in a 2 L bench top fermentor. The consortia, after enumeration by epifluorescence microscopy,were immobilized on delignifiedwood particles of a soft wood tree Ailantus altissima (300–1500 μm) having a surface area of 1.87m2 g−1. Selection of wood particle as substratumwas based on adsorption of NBC on to the particles, biofilm formation, and their subsequent nitrification potential. The immobilization could be achievedwithin 72 h with an initial cell density of 1×105 cells mL−1. On experimenting with the lowest dosage of 0.2 g (wet weight) immobilized NBC in 20 L seawater, a TAN removal rate of 2.4 mg L−1 within three days was observed. An NBC immobilization device could be developed for on site generation of the bioaugmentor preparation as per requirement. The product of immobilization never exhibited lag phase when transferred to fresh medium. The extent of nitrification in a simulated systemwas two times the rate observed in the control systems suggesting the efficacy in real life situations. The products of nitrification in all experiments were undetectable due to denitrifying potency, whichmade the NBC an ideal option for biological nitrogen removal. The immobilized NBC thus generated has been named TANOX (Total Ammonia Nitrogen Oxidizer) |
Description: | Aquaculture 294 (2009) 65–75 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4040 |
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Immobilization ... shrimp culture systems.pdf | (1.930Mb) |
Abstract: | The efficacy of a marine yeast Candida sake as source of immunostimulant to Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus was estimated. Biomass of C. sake was prepared using malt extract agar and incorporated at graded levels into a standard diet to prepare yeast diets of varying biomass concentrations (1%, 10% and 20%). F. indicus were fed on these diets for a period of 28 days and challenged orally with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and immune parameters such as total haemocyte count, phenoloxidase and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction (NBT) were determined. Ten per cent C. sake in the diet was found to support an optimum immune response in the animals in general and their enhancement could be observed on the second and third day following challenge with the virus. The study has demonstrated that marine yeast C. sake at 10% in diet (w/w) may be used as an effective source of immunostimulants in F. indicus |
Description: | Aquaculture 257 (2006) 150–155 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4026 |
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Immunostimulato ... Fenneropenaeus indicus.pdf | (301.7Kb) |
Abstract: | Persistence of the antivibrio property of the potential antagonistic probiotics, Pseudomonas MCCB 102 and 103, at di¡erent temperatures, pH and in organic solvents was studied. The antivibrio compound was extracted, puri¢ed and characterized using thin-layer chromatography, high-pressure liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy, UV^ Vis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and identi¢ed as N-methyl-1-hydroxyphenazine, a phenazine antibiotic. The toxicity of the compound was tested in Penaeus monodon haemocyte culture and the IC50 valuewas found to be1.4 0.31mg L 1. The compound was found to be bacteriostatic at 0.5mg L 1. Its stability to varying temperature, pH, organic solvents, prolonged shelf-life and vibriostatic nature point to its suitability for prophylatic aquaculture application. |
Description: | Aquaculture Research, 2010, 41, 1452^1461 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02436.x |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4047 |
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An inhibitory c ... ness on Vibrio harveyi.pdf | (371.8Kb) |
Abstract: | The objective of the study was to find out a natural way to fight white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in cultured shrimps, as the present scenario necessitated an organic remedy for the devastating pathogen in crustaceans. Under this research programme seven mangrove plants were collected, identified and aqueous extracts screened for their protective effect on the giant tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon against WSSV. The experimental design consisted two modes of application, such as exposure of the virus to the extract and injection challenge, and oral administration of the extract coated feed followed by oral challenge. All experimental animals were monitored through a nested diagnostic PCR analysis. Of the seven mangrove extracts screened aqueous extract from Ceriops tagal imparted total protection to shrimp from WSSV when challenged by both methods. Shrimps administered with the aqueous extract from C. tagal were devoid of virions. The HPLC fingerprint of the aqueous extracts from C. tagal showed more than 25 peaks and 7 of them were larger and well separated. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenolics, cardiac glycosides, saponins and sterols. The study indicated suitability of the aqueous extract of C. tagal as a possible prophylaxis for WSSV infection in shrimp. This is the first report on the anti WSSV property of the mangrove plant C. tagal |
Description: | Aquaculture 311 (2011) 36–41 |
URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4033 |
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In vivo screeni ... of antiviral molecules.pdf | (488.6Kb) |
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