Title:
|
Risk Assessment of Rooftop- Collected Rainwater for Individual Household and Community Use in Central Kerala, India |
Author:
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Hatha, A A M; Jesmi, Y; Mujeeb Rahiman, K M; Lal, Deepu; Jyothi, S
|
Abstract:
|
Water quality of rooftop-collected rainwater is an
issue of increased interest particularly in developing countries where the
collected water is used as a source of drinking water. Bacteriological and
chemical parameters of 25 samples of rooftop-harvested rainwater stored
in ferrocement tanks were analyzed in the study described in this article.
Except for the pH and lower dissolved oxygen levels, all other physicochemical
parameters were within World Health Organization guidelines. Bacteriological
results revealed that the rooftop-harvested rainwater stored in
tanks does not often meet the bacteriological quality standards prescribed
for drinking water. Fifty percent of samples of harvested rainwater for rural
and urban community use and 20% of the samples for individual household
use showed the presence of E. coli. Fecal coliform/fecal streptococci ratios
revealed nonhuman animal sources of fecal pollution. Risk assessment of
bacterial isolates from the harvested rainwater showed high resistance to
ampicillin, erythromycin, penicillin, and vancomycin. Multiple antibiotic
resistance (MAR) indexing of the isolates and elucidation of the resistance
patterns revealed that 73% of the isolates exhibited MAR |
Description:
|
Journal of Environmental Health |
URI:
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http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/3934
|
Date:
|
2013 |