Kusum, Komal Karati; Dr. Raveendran, T V(Cochin University of Science and Technology, June 20, 2012)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
This thesis entitled ecology of chaetognaths in the indian EEZ.The present study, in general, deals with the distribution pattern of mesozooplankton biomass and abundance with special reference to the detailed ecology of the important carnivorous planktonic group, the chaetognath, in the two major ocean basins of the Indian EEZ, the Arabian Sea (AS) and the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Prior to the International Indian Ocean expedition (IIOE, 1960 – 1965), cmprehensive studies on chaetognath in the Indian waters were very limited and was confined mostly to some coastal and oceanic regions.
The study revealed a profound influence of different physical process on the abundance of chaetognath community. The significant influence exerted by different physico-chemical factors on the vertical distribution of chaetognath species was also evident.
Prior to this study, only very little information was available on the ecology and distribution pattern chaetognaths in both the Arabian sea and the Bay of Bengal in relation to various mesoscale processes and physicochemical .variables. This study, emphasizing the short term and long term influences of different meso-scale and basin scale physical events on the ecology of this important plankton group provides the baseline data for extensive ecological research on any major mesozooplankton group in this tropical low latitude region.
Shyma, J; Dr.Thomson, K T(Cochin University of Science and Technology, January , 2008)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
Comprehensive studies integrating production, consumption and
marketing of ornamental fishes were never conducted in the past in
Kerala and this study is an attempt to highlight the dynamics in a
systematic manner by making a primary empirical study. The
advantages of such an approach are many. First, the study entails
detailed empirical data under a given time frame on various inter linked
economic activities in ornamental fisheries sector. Second, the study
tries to improve upon the previous discipline-bound studies by adopting
an integrated approach. As Kerala has diverse ecological and climatic
conditions, case studies on various ornamental fish production
systems help identifying suitable culture practice for selected
environmental conditions. One of the major conclusions of this study
as explained in the concluding chapter is that although Kerala is
blessed with favourable geographic and climatic conditions needed for
developing ornamental fishery, diverse local conditions and
requirements contain adopting modern methods of enterprise
development.Consumer studies conducted would help to identify the demand of
ornamental fishes and the factors leading to it. Market studies would
help in understanding the forces behind domestic market, which is very
promising, but neglected. Viability studies throw light on the economic
performance of both the production systems and the trading units of
ornamental fishes. Despite the economic significance of ornamental
fisheries industry, its development has been constrained due to various
bio-technical, cultural, socio-economic, organisational and above all,
institutional and policy failures. The outcome of the study would identify
constraints facing the industry and institutional arrangements for
development.
Description:
School of Industrial Fisheries,
Cochin University of Science and Technology
The world demand for fish and fishery products is increasing steadily and it is
generally accepted that it will not be possible to meet the heavy demand with resources
exploited from capture fishery alone. Now aquaculture is well established and fastdeveloping
industry in many countries and is a major focus sector for development.
During recent decades, aquaculture has gained momentum, throughout the world
especially in developing countries. According to Food and Agricultural Oganisation
(FAO, 2000), global aquaculture production was 26.38 tones in 1996 have reached
32.9 million tonnes during 1999. Only marine aquaculture sector has contributed 13.1
million tonnes during 1999.India is a major fish producing country. About one half of lndia’s brackish
water lands are currently being utilized for farming in order to reduce the gap between
supply and demand for fish. Aquaculture has become a major source of livelihood for
people and its role in integrated rural development, generation of employment and
earning foreign exchange, thereby alleviating poverty is being greatly appreciated
around the world.Among the infectious agents, bacteria are becoming the prime causal
organisms for diseases in food fishes and other marine animals. Sindermann, (1970)
reported that bacterial fish pathogen most commonly found among marine fishes is
species of Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Mycobacterium. These can be categorized into
primary pathogens; secondary invaders that may cause systemic disease in
immunocompromised hosts; and normal marine flora which are not pathogenic but
may occur on body surfaces or even within the tissues of the host. I-Iigh density of
animals in hatchery tanks and ponds is conducive to the spread of pathogen and the
aquatic environment with regular application of protein rich feed, is ideal for culturing
bacteria. Bacteria, which are normally present in seawater or on the surface of fish, can
invade and cause pathological effects in fishes, which are injured or subjected to other
environmental stresses.Mycobacteria except parasites are known as nontuberculosis mycobacteria
(NTM), atypical mycobacteria or mycobacteria other than tuberculosis(MO'l'l"). This
group of mycobacteria includes opportunistic pathogens and saprophytes.
Environmental mycobacteria are ubiquitous in distribution and the sources may
include soil, water, warm-blooded as well as cold-blooded animals. Disease caused by
environmental mycobacterial strains in susceptible humans (Goslee & Wolinsky,
1976; Grange, 1987), animals and fishes are increasingly attracting attention. Greatest
importance of environmental mycobacteria is believed to be their role in
immunological priming of humans and animals, thereby modifying their immune
responses to subsequent exposure to pathogenic species.
Pratheesh, V B; Dr.Sujatha, C H(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, December , 2011)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
The heavy metal contamination in the environment may lead to
circumstances like bioaccumulation and inturn biomagnification. Hence
cheaper and effective technologies are needed to protect the precious
natural resources and biological lives. A suitable technique is the one
which meets the technical and environmental criteria for dealing with a
particular remediation problem and should be site-specific due to spatial
and climatic variations and it may not economically feasible everywhere.
The search for newer technologies for the environmental therapy, involving
the removal of toxic metals from wastewaters has directed attention to
adsorption, based on metal binding capacities of various adsorbent materials.
Therefore, the present study aim to identify and evaluate the most current
mathematical formulations describing sorption processes. Although vast
amount of research has been carried out in the area of metal removal by
adsorption process using activated carbon few specific research data are
available in different scientific institutions. The present work highlights the
seasonal and spatial variations in the distribution of some selected heavy
metals among various geochemical phases of Cochin Estuarine system and
also looked into an environmental theraptic/remedial approach by
adsorption technique using activated charcoal and chitosan, to reduce and
thereby controlling metallic pollution.
The thesis has been addressed in seven chapters with further
subdivisions. The first chapter is introductory, stating the necessity of
reducing or preventing water pollution due to the hazardous impact on
environment and health of living organisms and drawing it from a careful
review of literature relevant to the present study. It provides a constricted
description about the study area, geology, and general hydrology and also
bears the major objectives and scope of the present study.
Description:
Department Of Chemical Oceanography
School Of Marine Sciences
Cochin University Of Science And Technology
Deepulal, P M; Dr.Sujatha, C H(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, January , 2013)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
The pollutants discharged into the estuaries are originate from two
main sources-industrial and sewage. The former may be toxic which
includes heavy metals, residues from antifouling paint particles and
pesticides, while large discharges of sewage will contain pathogenic microorganisms.
The contamination is enough to destroy the amenities of the
waterfront, and the toxic substances may completely destroy the marine life
and damage to birds, fishes and other marine organisms. Antifouling
biocides are a type of chemical used in marine structure to prevent
biofouling. These antifouling biocides gradually leach from the ships and
other marine structures into water and finally settled in sediments. Once a
saturation adsorption is reached they desorbed into overlying water and
causes threat to marine organisms. Previous reports explained the imposex
and shell thickening in bivalves owing to the effect of biocides. So bivalves are used as indicator organisms to understand the status of pollution. The
nervous system is one of the best body part to understand the effect of
toxicant. Acetylcholine esterase enzyme which is the main neurotransmitter
in nervous was used to understand the effect of pollutants. Present study
uses Acetylcholine esterase enzyme as pollution monitoring indicator
Description:
Department of Chemical Oceanography
School of Marine Sciences
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Sarala Devi,K; Dr.Unnithan, R V(Cochin University of Science And Technology, November , 1986)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
Cochin backwaters, a tropical barbuilt estuary is well known for its prawn,
molluscan and demersal fisheries. Also it formed the dumping area for sewage,235
retting of husks and discharge of effluents from industries located on either side
of it. As a result the fishery is being gradually dwindled year after year due to
the lowering of the water quality. The effect of industrial polution on the benthic
community of this tropical estuary was worked out. An area extending over 21
km from the mouth of the estuary to upstream of industrial belt was selected.
Temporal and spatial variations of 16 environmental parameters at 9 stations
along the area were monitored monthly during 1981. Benthic fauna of these 9
stations consisted of amphipods , polychaetes, isopods, tanaidaceans, molluscs
and other crustaceans (Decapods, Acetes, Alpheids, Balanus, insect larvae,
chironomid larvae, cumacea and some fresh water forms ). Apart from these, sea
anemone, flat worms, nematodes, sipunculoids, echinoderms and fishes were
also encountered. 75 species belonging to 31 faunal groups were identified. Of
these 31 groups, amphipods, polychaedes, isopods, tanaidaceans and molluscs
were numerically abundant. Rest of the 26 groups (including 13 riverine forms)
were found less significant due to their rare occurrence/low numerical abundance.
Polychaetes and molluscs were the only major groups present at all the stations.
Description:
National Institute of Oceanography Regional Centre Cochin
Jose, Joseph; Dr.Gopakumar, K(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, August 21, 1989)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
Frozen storage characteristics and shelflife vary
considerably among species as well as within the species
(Powrie, 1973; Fennema. 1973). This can be attributed to the
variation in the composition of fish among various species.
In certain species like sardines and mackerel. wide seasonal
variation in chemical composition occur within the species.
These variations affect the quality and shelflife. The
nutritional level of water. spawning, method of catching,
struggling etc. are found to have profound influence on the
condition of the fresh fish.
Soon after death the deteriorative changes in fish start
due to autolysis and bacterial growth. The rate of these
changes depends mainly on temperature. The handling methods
have great influence on bacterial contamination. Thus the type
oi'handling. temperature control. period of chill storage.
processing methods. type of freezing, condition of frozen
storage and period of storage affect the quality and shelflife
Of the fisho
In the present study extensive investigations were
carried out on various factors affecting the quality of fish
as well as their effect on the physical. chemical and sensory
qualities of fish during frozen storage and the shelflife
Description:
Central Institute Of Fisheries Technology,Cochin University Of Science And Technology
Dhanya,P R; Dr.Saleena, Mathew(Cochin University of Science And Technology, October 16, 2012)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
Unprocessed seafood harbor high number of bacteria, hence are more prone to
spoilage. In this circumstance, the use of spice in fish for reduction of microorganism can
play an important role in seafood processing. Many essential oils from herbs and spices are
used widely in the food, health and personal care industries and are classified as GRAS
(Generally regarded as safe) substances or are permitted food additives. A large number of
these compounds have been the subject of extensive toxicological scrutiny. However, their
principal function is to impart desirable flavours and aromas and not necessarily to act as
antimicrobial agents. Given the high flavour and aroma impact to plant essential oils, the
future for using these compound as food preservatives lies in the careful selection and
evaluation of their efficacy at low concentrations but in combination with other chemical
preservatives or preservation processes. For this reason they are worth of study alone or in
combination with processing methods in order to establish if they could extend the shelf-life
of foods.
In this study, the effect of the spices, clove, turmeric, cardamom, oregano, rosemary
and garlic in controlling the spoilage and pathogenic bacteria is investigated. Their effect on
biogenic amine formation in tuna especially, histamine, as a result of bacterial control is also
studied in detail. The contribution of spice oleoresin in the sensory and textural parameters
is investigated using textural profile analysis and sensory panel. Finally, the potential of
spices in quality stabilization and in increasing the shelf–life of tuna during frozen storage is
analysed
Description:
School of Industrial Fisheries
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Cilla Abraham; Dr.Radhakrishnan,C K(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, November , 2012)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
The main objective of the present work is to acquire information
regarding the growth responses of P. monodon larvae (from PZ1 upto PL1)
to various mono specific and mixed diets. Evaluate the nutritional quality of
selected species of micro algae viz. Chaetoceros calcitrans, Dunaliella
salina, Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloropsis salina, larvae at three cell concentrations 10x104 cells/ml, 25x104 cells/ml and
50x104 cells/ml.
The P. monodon larvae were transported, at the Nauplius stage, to the
laboratory. The larvae were stocked at density of 150 larvae per litre in 5 litre
FRP tanks with 3 litres of sea water. The algal cell density given to the larvae
varied. The larval stages were fed with increasing densities of algae to
evaluate the relationship between the food densities, ingestion rates,
development and growth of the larvae. The water quality parameters, the
percentage of survival rate, the growth estimation and the algal cell count
were done. Each experiment was carried out in triplicate with a control group
of larvae fed with Chaetoceros calcitrans. For the estimation standard
procedures were used.to P. monodon
Description:
Dept. of Marine Biology,
Microbiology and Biochemistry.
Cochin University of
Science and Technology
Bikash Chandra, Mohapatra; Dr.Rengarajan, K(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, August , 1993)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
The research investigations on pollution, particularly in coastal/
estuarine environments are recent ones and started only in 1970s. Hence
the informations available are fragmentary and scattered. They throw
some light only on either the concentration of heavy metals in water
or in sediment or in organisms. No concerted efforts have been made
to consolidate and correlate the results between the environment and
biota. Literature on the level of concentration of heavy metals in different
tissues of organisms with regard to their availability in the living media,
their ratio, their inter—relationship, tolerance limit of organisms, etc. are
very few or rather nil.
in view of the importance enumerated above, the candidate has
selected the topic "Effects of some heavy metals copper, zinc and lead
on certain tissues of E E (Hamilton and Buchanan) in different
environments" for detailed studies and to understand systematically (i)
the source of effluents and wastes, (ii) the concentration of heavy metals
copper, zinc and lead in water, in sediments and in tissues of the test
animal, (iii) their effects, (iv) capacity of tolerance and accumulation
in different tissues of the animal, and (V) the "Bioaccumulation Factor",
etc.
Description:
Department Of Marine Sciences, Cochin University Of Science And Technology
Ashokakumaran, Unnithan K; Dr.Menon,N R; Dr.Kuttyamma, V J(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, August , 1997)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
The present research programme envisages a comparative study of the effects of
two piscicides of plant origin, viz., mahua oil cake, a derivative from the plant fig
Iatifolia and croton seed, a product from the plant Croton tiglium. Although some reports
on the effects of mahua oil cake and croton seed on fresh water pond culture systems are
available, information on their effect on brackishwater culture systems are rather scanty
This was the guiding principle for launching the present study It is hoped that the findings
will enable aquaculturists to make use of the piscicides in a more rational and efficient
way, and will go a long way towards realising the maximum return liom culture systems
without hampering the environment.
The thesis is presented in seven chapters such as Introduction, Review of
literature, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Summary and Bibliography
Description:
School of Marine Sciences. Cochin University of Science and
Technology