Abdul Khader, K M; Dr.Mohandas, A(Cochin University of Science & Technology, 1999)
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Abstract:
Instead of developing easily degradable, and low-priced insecticides, we are
going after highly sophisticated chemicals. Here, an attempt is being made to develop
safer formulations of insecticides of botanical origin.
Different parts of the plants were chosen based on their use in countryside and
villages The dried plant materials were extracted with petroleum ether, and were
applied on Tribolium castaneum. The results were statistically analysed.
The active principles from Croton tigilium and Leea sambucina, the most
potential plants, were isolated using Column Chromatography, TLC, and Hydrolysis.
The isolated principles were analysed spectroscopically ( UV-Vis., IR, NMR,
and MS ) to identify their chemical nature. The active principles from Leea and
Croton were identified as a cholisterate derivative and a phorbol derivative
respectively.
In order to ascertain the environmental combatibility of the principles,
degradation by soil bacteria was studied.
The isolated principles were made into three type of formulations using
stabilizers .The formulations were applied on Snake gourd semilooper, Pulse beetle,
and mosquito larvae. Also the biocidal activity of the formulations was studied.
Both Leea derivative and Croton derivative could be formulated effectively
and were effective against a variety of pests. They are eco-friendly, as there is no
artificial chemicals involved.
Description:
School of Environmental Studies,
Cochin University of Science And Technology
Reju, M K; Dr.Mohandas, A(Cochin University of Science & Technology, 1990)
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Abstract:
The present study is an attempt to understand the physiological responses of a freshwater gastropod, in terms of haematological parameters, in normal conditions as well as in various natural and man made altered conditions of the environment.Pila virens, a freshwater prosobranch,commonly found in paddy fields, ponds, and streams of Kerala is selected as the test animal for the present investigation. Various haemolymph constituents such as total carbohydrate, glycogen, total protein, total lipid, urea,ammonia,sodium,potasium, calcium, and chloride which are directly involved in the control and maintenance of different physiological systems, were analysed in the present study. Selected haematological parameters like total haemocyte number, and packed cell volume were also determined. Besides , the activity pattern of selected haemolymph enzymes such as acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP),Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), all having diagnostic value in terms of internal defence system and metabolism of the organism, were also studied.
Description:
School of Environmental Studies,Cochin University of Science and Technology