Latha Unnikrishnan; Devadasan,K(Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, 2006)
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Abstract:
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and other toxic compounds from industrial effluents are noted for their high potency for skin, lung, bladder and gastrointestinal cancers. Increased industrialization, and population growth led to greater production of wastes, Pesticides and PAHs have received attention due to their carcinogenic effects. The main objectives of the study were; to collect base line data on the concentration of PAHs in seawater and sediment from the west coast of India, the concentration of PAHs in certain species of fishes, the comparative levels of PAHs in fish, the influence of sediment characteristics on the concentration of PAH in sediment, changes in PAH concentration in water, sediment and fish, to provide a base line concentration of trace metals in water, sediment and fish, the seasonal changes in content of selected trace metals in water, sediment and fish from the west coast of India. The present study revealed that a predominance of silt and clay at all stations in the off Cochin area. The study has provided comprehensive information available to date for PAHs in seawater, sediment and fishes from the west cost of India especially from the Quilon to Mangalore region.
Saji, John K; Dr.Girish Kumar, K(Cochin University of Science and Technology, May 3, 2004)
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Abstract:
As the application of polymeric complexes is enormous, there
exists a continuing interest in the synthesis and characterization of
these complexes. The synthetic and characterization parts are very
important in an academic point of view. Further in an application
point of view also polymeric ligands/complexes are gaining
attention.The thesis is divided in to six chapters, in which the first
chapter gives an introduction along with a brief review on polymeric ligands/ complexes. The second chapter explains the different
procedure adopted for the whole work along with the details of the
reagents/ instruments used. The third chapter gives a report of the
detailed study regarding the synthesis and characterization of
eighteen complexes. While the fourth chapter is a report of the ion
removal studies using three polymeric ligands, the fifth chapter
explains the development of a polymeric complex as ion selective
electrode material for the fabrication of a CC ion selective electrode.
The sixth chapter presents the summary and tables, figures and
references are given separately at the end.
Description:
Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science
and Technology
Anoop Anand,K; Dr.Rani,Joseph(Cochin University of Science & Technology, December , 2006)
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Abstract:
The current research investigates the possibility of using single walled carbon
nanotubes (SWNTs) as filler in polymers to impart several properties to the matrix
polymer. SWNTs in a polymer matrix like poly(ethylene terephthalate) induce
nucleation in its melt crystallization, provide effective reinforcement and impart
electrical conductivity. We adopt a simple melt compounding technique for
incorporating the nanotubes into the polymer matrix. For attaining a better dispersion
of the filler, an ultrasound assisted dissolution-evaporation method has also been tried.
The resulting enhancement in the materials properties indicates an improved
disentanglement of the nanotube ropes, which in turn provides effective matrix-filler
interaction. PET-SWNT nanocomposite fibers prepared through melt spinning
followed by subsequent drawing are also found to have significantly higher mechanical
propertiesas compared to pristine PET fiber.SWNTs also find applications in composites based on elastomers such as natural
rubber as they can impart electrical conductivity with simultaneous improvement in the
mechanical properties.
Description:
Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology,
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Dasan,E V; Chandrasekaran, M(Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, January , 2002)
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Abstract:
Phosphate (Pi) is one among the most important essential residues in maintenance and inheritance of life, with far diverse physiological role as structural, functional and energy transduction. Phosphate accumulation in wastewaters containing run off of fertilizers and industrial discharges is a global problem that results in algal blooms in bays, lakes and waterways. Currently available methods for removing phosphates from wastewater are based primarily on polyP accumulation by the activated sludge bacteria. PolyP plays a critical role in several environmental and biotechnological problems. Possible relation of interaction between polyP accumulation phenomenon, the low biomass, low Pi uptake, and varying results obtained in response to the impact of sodium chloride, pH, temperature, various inorganic salts and additional carbon sources studied, are all intriguing observations in the present investigation. The results of the present study have evidenced very clearly the scope for potential strains of bacteria from both sea water and marine sediments which could be exploited both for Pi removal in wastewater released by industries and intensive aquaculture practices in to the aquatic environment as well as to harness the potential strains for industrial production of polyP which was wide range of applications.
Saisy, Esthappan K; Dr.Rani,Joseph(Cochin University of Science and Technology, May , 2012)
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Abstract:
PP has been getting much attention over the years because it is a very
durable polymer commonly used in aggressive environments including
automotive battery casings, fuel containers etc. They are used to make bottles,
fibers for clothing, components in cars etc. However, it has some shortcomings
such as low dimensional and thermal stability. Materials such as metal oxides
with sizes of the order 1–50 nm have received a great deal of attention because
of their versatile applications in polymer/ inorganic nanocomposites,
optoelectronic devices, biomedical materials, and other areas. They are stable
under harsh process conditions and also regarded as safe materials to human
beings and animals. In the present investigation, PP is modified by incorporating metal oxide
nanoparticles such as ZnO and TiO2 by simple melt mixing method. Melt
spinning method was used to prepare PP/metal oxide nanocomposite fibers.
Various studies have been carried out on these composites and fibers.
In the first part of the study, ZnO nanoparticles were prepared from
ZnCl2 and NaOH in presence of chitosan, PVA, ethanol and starch. This is a
simple and inexpensive method compared to other methods. Change in
morphology and particle size of ZnO were studied. Least particle size was
obtained in chitosan medium. The particles were characterized by using XRD,
SEM, TEM, TGA and EDAX. Antibacterial properties of ZnO prepared in
chitosan medium (NZO) and commercial zinc oxide (CZO) were evaluated
using a gram positive and a gram negative bacteria
Description:
Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Joselet Mathew; Dr.Kulasekarapandian, S(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, November 6, 1990)
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Abstract:
This thesis deals with the population characteristics of Artemia
and the effect of different environmental parameters on the different
stages of Artemia in a salina at Tuticorin, south east coast of India.
The present investigation was carried out from 1985 to I987.
The study was initiated by undertaking a survey to find out suitable
Artemia habitats along the south east coast of India and a perennial
salina with an area of 0.25 ha was selected at Karapad (Tuticorin). Weekly
samplings were made for two full calender years (1986-87) to collect
the different stages of Artemia population as well as the different
environmental parameters. The thesis comprises of the following sections: Introduction, materials and methods, systematics, biology and distribution of Artemia, results and discussion, summary and bibliography. The section on results
and discussion gives the characteristics of Artemia population in the
salina, the seasonal variations of different environmental parameters
in the salina and their effects on different stages of Artemia population.
Description of an experiment conducted to show the sudden changes of
salinity on different stages of Artemia is also given as a separate
section.
Description:
Centre Of Advanced Studies In Mariculture,Cochin University Of Science And Technology
Manju, Sebastine; Pillai, N G K(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, October 23, 2014)
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Abstract:
Globally most of the conventional fish stocks have reached a state of optimum exploitation or even over-exploitation; efficient utilization of non-conventional resources is necessary to meet the supply-demand gap for protein supply. Mesopelagic fishes can be considered as one such promising resource for the future, if appropriate harvest and post-harvest technologies are developed. Increasing human population and increasing demand for cheaper food fishes has made myctophids a possible potential resource for future exploitation and utilization. Earlier studies indicated the abundance of Diaphus spp. in the eastern and northeastern Arabian Sea. The present study also indicates the dominance of Diaphus spp. in the deep sea trawling grounds of south west coast of India. Commercial viability of the myctophid fishing in the Indian waters has to be worked out. The present catch estimation is based on the Stratified Random Sampling Method from the landing data. As the coverage of sampling area was limited and the gear efficiency was not standardized, the data generated are not precise. A counter check for the estimates is also not possible due to the absence of comparable works in the study area. Fish biomass estimation by acoustics survey coupled with direct fishing would only confirm the accuracy of estimates. Exploratory surveys for new fishing areas to be continued, for gathering the distribution, abundance, biological and ecological data and map the potential fishing ground on a GIS platform and the data should be provided to the commercial entrepreneurs. Generally non-conventional and non-targeted resources are under low fishing pressure and exploitation rates. Low values of fishing mortality and exploitation rates indicate that removal from the stock by fishing was only nominal from the present fishing grounds. The results indicate that the stock is almost at virgin state and remains grossly underexploited. Since the extent of distribution and abundance of the stock in the ecosystem remains to be ascertained, sustainable yield could not be estimated. Also the impact of myctophids harvest, on other commercially important fishes, has to be studied.
Harikrishnan, M; Dr.Madhusoodana,Kurup B(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, September , 1997)
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Abstract:
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) and M.ide77a
(Hilgendorf) form two commercially important Palaemonid
prawns of the Vembanad lake (9 28' and 10 10’ N and 76
13' and 76 31' E). Both of them were known to have
contributed to a very lucrative fishery during the sixties,
however, in recent years these natural resources have badly
depleted owing to the impact of many man made alterations
brought about in the ecosystem such as habitat reduction,
physical obstruction imposed in the migratory pathway of
these species, pollution hazards, etc,. Changed
environmental conditions and increased fishing pressures
caused persistent alterations in the stock size of these
prawns during the past so many years, however, no serious
attempt was made to monitor the stock size from time to time
and also to bring out the resource characteristics. Though,
the morphotypic differentiation in grow out male population
of M.rosenbergii has been documented, no similar studies
were conducted with regard to natural male and female
population. Based on the data collected during fishery
cruise surveys conducted in Vembanad lake from March '94 to
February '96, population characteristics. postlarval
distribution, fishery and population dynamics of
M.rosenbergii and M.ide77a of the lake were studied in
detail.
Description:
School of
Industrial Fisheries, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Abdussamad, E M; Dr.Gopinatha Menon, N(Cochin University of Science and Technology, June , 2001)
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Abstract:
present work deals with the various aspects of population characteristics of penaeus indicus ,Metapenaeus dobsoni and metapenaeus monoceros during their nursery phase in tidal ponds and adjacent backwaters.Importance of the present study is to suggest scientific basis for the management of penaeid resources in tidal ponds and backwaters based on their biological characteristics to ensure better yield.Seasonal closure of fishing will be effective in improving the size of the shrimp at harvest.Hydrology of tidal ponds varied with location, but showed a common seasonal pattem.Seasonal variation in temperature was very small. It fluctuated between 27.5 to 32.3°C in tidalponds and 26.9 to 29.9°C in open backwaters.Improvement of nursery habitats with due consideration for biological requirements of the resource will ensure better growth, survival and abundance of the stock.The recruitment, growth and emigration data of prawns from their nurseries can be used successfully for fishery forecasting. projecting juvenile growth forward through time, it is possible to establish, which cohort contributes to offshore fishery each year. So, by interpreting the recruitment and growth data of species in their nurseries with offshore catch data, fishery can be forecasted successfully.
Description:
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi
Bindhu,Paul; George,M K(ICAR, CMFRI, November , 2000)
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Abstract:
The thesis contains the results of an investigation on the " Population Genetic Structure of the Penaeus indicus " from southeast and southwest coasts of India. The P.indicus, popularly known as the Indian white prawn, is distributed widely in the Indo-Pacific, starting from New South wales in Australia in the east to the east coast of Africa in the west. Its heavy demand in the export market, the species has been exploited intensively from all along its areas of distribution in Indian waters. The population genetic characteristics of the species were examined by three independent but complementary techniques, namely, morphometrics (truss network), biochemical genetics (isozyme electrophoresis ) and molecular genetics (RFLP and RAPD). The east and west coast populations of the species may be genetically different. Due to certain constraints, the results obtained from the studies of restriction fragment length 70 polymorphism (RFLP) were limited. The significant difference in the number of bands in the sample populations strongly suggests that these two populations have considerably different population genetic structures
Mohandas, N N; Dr.George, M K(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Central Marine Fisheries Institute, January , 1997)
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Abstract:
The objective of present investigation was to study the population genetic structure of S. longiceps by applying three different basic population genetic techniques such as cytogenetics, non-enzymatic biochemicalgenetics (general protein) and morphomeristics/metrics.