Bright Singh, I S; Anas, A; Paul, S; Jayaprakash, N S; PhIlip, R(Inter-Research, November 9, 2005)
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Abstract:
Chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable natural polymer with established
antimicrobial properties against specific microorganisms. The present study demonstrates its
antibacterial activity against 48 isolates of Vibrio species from prawn larval rearing systems. The
antibacterial activity had a positive correlation with the concentration of chitosan. This work opens
up avenues for using chitosan as a prophylactic biopolymer for protecting prawn larvae from
vibriosis.
Bright Singh, I S; Vici, V; Sarita,G Bhat(Academic Press, March 10, 2000)
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Abstract:
The fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, has proven potential for use as an
aquaculture species (Hanson & Goodwin, 1997; Kurup, 1984). In India alone, culture of
this species of prawn in low saline areas requires about 200 million seed per year
(Kurup, 1984). In hatcheries poor survival rate has been associated with vibriosis at
di#erent stages of the larval cycle. Members of the family Vibrionaceae associated with
the larvae of M. rosenbergii were shown to be pathogenic under laboratory conditions
(Bhat et al., 2000, in press). Vibrios have been associated with mortality of penaeid
prawns by several workers (Aquacop, 1977; Hameed, 1993; Karunasagar et al., 1994).
Two methods have been suggested to protect both the larvae and juveniles from
vibriosis; one is the administration of bacterins prepared from pathogenic strains
(Itami et al., 1989, 1991; Adams, 1991; Song & Sung, 1990; Sung et al., 1991) and the
other is the utilization of yeast 1-3 and 1-6 glucans as immunostimulants for
enhancing the non-specific defense system (Sung et al., 1994; Song et al., 1997). In the
light of these observations it was hypothesised that bacterins and yeast glucans may
also be e#ective in protecting the larvae of M. rosenbergii from vibriosis as has been
achieved in the case of penaeids. To examine this hypothesis, the ability of bacterins
and an extracellular glucan-producing yeast to increase the overall survival and
metamorphosis of larvae in a hatchery, as well as to protect against an experimental
challenge under laboratory conditions, was evaluated
Description:
Fish & Shellfish Immunology (2000) 10, 559–563
doi:10.1006/fsim.2000.0278
Bright Singh, I S; Jayaprakash, N S; Pai, S S; PhIlip, R(Blackwell Publishing, 2006)
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Abstract:
Giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii
(de Man), is an important commercial species with
considerable export value, ideal for cultivation
under low saline conditions and in freshwater zones
(Kurup 1994). However, despite more than a
decade of research on its larval production systems,
vibriosis still hampers seed production resulting in
high mortality rates. Among the different species of
vibrios, Vibrio alginolyticus has been isolated frequently
from diseased shrimp as the aetiological
agent of vibriosis and has been described as a
principal pathogen of both penaeids and nonpenaeids
(Lightner 1988; Baticados, Cruz-Lacierda,
de la Cruz, Duremdez-Fernandez, Gacutan, Lavilla-
Pitogo & Lio-Po 1990; Mohney, Lightner & Bell
1994; Lee, Yu, Chen, Yang & Liu 1996). Vibrio
fluvialis, V. alginolyticus, V. cholerae non-O1
(Fujioka & Greco 1984), Aeromonas liquifaciens
and V. anguillarum (Colorni 1985) have been
isolated from the larvae of M. rosenbergii. A
profound relationship between the abundance of
members of the family Vibrionaceae and larval
mortality (Singh 1990) and the predominance of
Vibrio in eggs, larvae and post-larvae of
M. rosenbergii (Hameed, Rahaman, Alagan &
Yoganandhan 2003) was reported. The present
paper reports the isolation, characterization, pathogenicity
and antibiotic sensitivity of V. alginolyticus
associated with M. rosenbergii larvae during an
occurrence of severe mass mortality at the ninth
larval stage.
In Vembanad Lake and its confluent rivers (Kerala, India), the catches of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) were reported
to have dwindled to a mere 39 t in the 1980s from average landings of 300 t during the 1960s. This decline is due to the impact
of a number of human interventions affecting the ecosystem and, hence, the stocks of M. rosenbergii. Monitoring of landings in
1994-1995 and 1995-1996 indicates an improvement in catches. This paper discusses the reasons for the decline and revival
in stocks and suggestions for their replenishment.
Mohanakumaran Nair, C; Dr.Shahul,Hameed M(Cochin University of Science and Technology, August , 1993)
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Abstract:
In India scientific commercial farming of Macrobrachium is yet to get a start, the major constraint being the lack of seed. Seed collection from the natural sources alone may not be sufficient, and in such cases seed production in hatcheries is inevitable. This necessitates knowledge of the reproductive biology of the species technology development for brood stock and larval rearing, and the optimum conditions required for larval development to undertake large scale seed production.The present study was taken up with the major objectives of developing a proper, simple and feasible technology for the larval rearing of Macrobrachium, with special emphasis on. mass larval rearing suitable for commercial level operations.
Description:
Department of
Industrial Fisheries, Cochin University of Science and Technology