The characterization and grading of glioma tumors, via image derived features, for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response has been an active research area in medical image computing. This paper presents a novel method for automatic detection and classification of glioma from conventional T2 weighted MR images. Automatic detection of the tumor was established using newly developed method called Adaptive Gray level Algebraic set Segmentation Algorithm (AGASA).Statistical Features were extracted from the detected tumor texture using first order statistics and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) based second order statistical methods. Statistical significance of the features was determined by t-test and its corresponding p-value. A decision system was developed for the grade detection of glioma using these selected features and its p-value. The detection performance of the decision system was validated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The diagnosis and grading of glioma using this non-invasive method can contribute promising results in medical image computing
Description:
International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational and Applied Sciences, 7(1), December 2013-
February, 2014, pp. 08-14
Sreeraj, M; Muhammed Anees, V; Santhosh Kumar, G(IEEE, December 7, 2012)
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Abstract:
In recent years there is an apparent shift in research
from content based image retrieval (CBIR) to automatic
image annotation in order to bridge the gap between low level
features and high level semantics of images. Automatic Image
Annotation (AIA) techniques facilitate extraction of high level
semantic concepts from images by machine learning techniques.
Many AIA techniques use feature analysis as the first step to
identify the objects in the image. However, the high dimensional
image features make the performance of the system worse. This
paper describes and evaluates an automatic image annotation
framework which uses SURF descriptors to select right number
of features and right features for annotation. The proposed
framework uses a hybrid approach in which k-means clustering
is used in the training phase and fuzzy K-NN classification in
the annotation phase. The performance of the system is evaluated
using standard metrics.
Efficient optic disc segmentation is an important task in automated retinal screening. For the same reason optic disc detection is fundamental for medical references and is important for the retinal image analysis application. The most difficult problem of optic disc extraction is to locate the region of interest. Moreover it is a time consuming task. This paper tries to overcome this barrier by presenting an automated method for optic disc boundary extraction using Fuzzy C Means combined with thresholding. The discs determined by the new method agree relatively well with those determined by the experts. The present method has been validated on a data set of 110 colour fundus images from DRION database, and has obtained promising results. The performance of the system is evaluated using the difference in horizontal and vertical diameters of the obtained disc boundary and that of the ground truth obtained from two expert ophthalmologists. For the 25 test images selected from the 110 colour fundus images, the Pearson correlation of the ground truth diameters with the detected diameters by the new method are 0.946 and 0.958 and, 0.94 and 0.974 respectively. From the scatter plot, it is shown that the ground truth and detected diameters have a high positive correlation. This computerized analysis of optic disc is very useful for the diagnosis of retinal diseases
Description:
(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications,
Vol. 5, No. 7, 2014
This paper describes a novel framework for automatic
segmentation of primary tumors and its boundary from brain
MRIs using morphological filtering techniques. This method uses
T2 weighted and T1 FLAIR images. This approach is very
simple, more accurate and less time consuming than existing
methods. This method is tested by fifty patients of different
tumor types, shapes, image intensities, sizes and produced better
results. The results were validated with ground truth images by
the radiologist. Segmentation of the tumor and boundary
detection is important because it can be used for surgical
planning, treatment planning, textural analysis, 3-Dimensional
modeling and volumetric analysis
Description:
2012 5th International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI 2012)
Tina,Sebastian; Dr.Sudha Kartha,C; Dr.Vijayakumar, K P(Cochin University of Science & Technology, August , 2009)
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Abstract:
Aim of the present work was to automate CSP process, to deposit and
characterize CuInS2/In2S3 layers using this system and to fabricate devices using
these films.An automated spray system for the deposition of compound
semiconductor thin films was designed and developed so as to eliminate the manual
labour involved in spraying and facilitate standardization of the method. The system
was designed such that parameters like spray rate, movement of spray head, duration
of spray, temperature of substrate, pressure of carrier gas and height of the spray head
from the substrate could be varied. Using this system, binary, ternary as well as
quaternary films could be successfully deposited.The second part of the work deal with deposition and characterization of
CuInS2 and In2S3 layers respectively.In the case of CuInS2 absorbers, the effects of
different preparation conditions and post deposition treatments on the optoelectronic,
morphological and structural properties were investigated. It was observed
that preparation conditions and post deposition treatments played crucial role in controlling the properties of the films. The studies in this direction were useful in
understanding how the variation in spray parameters tailored the properties of the
absorber layer. These results were subsequently made use of in device fabrication
process.Effects of copper incorporation in
In2S3 films were investigated to find how the diffusion of Cu from CuInS2 to In2S3
will affect the properties at the junction. It was noticed that there was a regular
variation in the opto-electronic properties with increase in copper concentration.Devices were fabricated on ITO coated glass using CuInS2 as absorber and
In2S3 as buffer layer with silver as the top electrode. Stable devices could be
deposited over an area of 0.25 cm2, even though the efficiency obtained was not high.
Using manual spray system, we could achieve devices of area 0.01 cm2 only. Thus
automation helped in obtaining repeatable results over larger areas than those
obtained while using the manual unit. Silver diffusion on the cells before coating the
electrodes resulted in better collection of carriers.From this work it was seen CuInS2/In2S3 junction deposited through
automated spray process has potential to achieve high efficiencies.
Description:
Department of Physics,
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Mohanan, P; Aanandan,C K; K G Nair(Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics, February , 1984)
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Abstract:
A modified H-plane sectoral horn antenna with identical E- and'H- plane.patterns over the X-band frequency is discussed.
This system has significantly reduced side lobes and hack lobes. Half=power beam width and gain of the antenna are also
improved with enhanced matching , Experimental results for a number of horns with various flanges are presented . These find
practical application for illuminating symmetric antennas like paraboloids and polarization measurements in radio
astronomy, etc. Compared to the fixed pyramidal horns. the present system offers great convenience in trimming the antenna
characteristics
Mohanan, P; Pravinkumar,P A; K G Nair(Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics, 1982)
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Abstract:
A simple technique for obtaining identical E- and H-plane patterns from E-plane sectoral feed horn is presented. Halfpower
beam width and gain of the antenna are also improved considerably. Experimental results for a number of horns with
flanges of various parameters are also presented. This system may find practical application in radar and space communication
systems
An antimedian of a pro le = (x1; x2; : : : ; xk) of vertices of a graph G is a
vertex maximizing the sum of the distances to the elements of the pro le. The
antimedian function is de ned on the set of all pro les on G and has as output
the set of antimedians of a pro le. It is a typical location function for nding a
location for an obnoxious facility. The `converse' of the antimedian function is the
median function, where the distance sum is minimized. The median function is
well studied. For instance it has been characterized axiomatically by three simple
axioms on median graphs. The median function behaves nicely on many classes
of graphs. In contrast the antimedian function does not have a nice behavior on
most classes. So a nice axiomatic characterization may not be expected. In this
paper such a characterization is obtained for the two classes of graphs on which
the antimedian is well-behaved: paths and hypercubes.
Bindu, Krishnan; Deepthy, A; Litty, Irimpan; Dann, V J; Nampoori, V P N(Elsevier, 2006)
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Abstract:
We report enhanced back scattering in nanometer-sized ZnO colloids prepared in two different media, by different methods. The FWHM of the back scattered cone and hence the mean free path varied with concentration of ZnO as well as particle size. The Lorentzian profile of backscattered cone indicates the presence of coherence.
Nampoori, V P N; Litty, Irimpan; Dann, V J; Krishnan, B; Deepthy, A; Radhakrishnan, P(Laser Physics, 2008)
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Abstract:
Light-scattering experiments gained prominence as potential applications of quantum optics, nonlinear
optics, and photon localization. The possibility of the realization of lasing action in random media has
created much interest in the study of the coherent structure of the backscattered light from disordered media.
Backscattering (BS) studies are carried out to analyze the possibilities of photon localization in colloidal silica.
The scattering enhancement is best associated with the density of the scatterers. The width of the BS cone and,
hence, the mean-free path is related to the concentration of the medium. The dependence of the photon wavelength
on the possible characteristics of the scattering is presented.
Ajaikumar,V; Jose,K A; Aanandan,C K; Mohanan, P; K G Nair(Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, October , 1992)
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Abstract:
Reduction of radar cross -section of dihedral corner reflectors using
simulated corrugated surface (.SCS) is reported. This technique is
found lo be more effective in the reduction of RCS or corner reflectors
for normal incidence . A typical reduction of 40-50 dB is
achieved using this method
Mohanan, P; Aanandan,C K; K G Nair(Department of Electronics, October , 1992)
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Abstract:
Reduction of radar cross -section of dihedral corner reflectors using
simulated corrugated surface (SCS) is reported. The technique is
found to be more effective in the reduction of RCS or corner reflectors
for normal incidence . A typical reduction of 40-50 dB is
achieved using this method.
Hatha, A A M; Paul, M; Rao, B(Academic Press Limited, 1998)
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Abstract:
One thousand, two hundred and sixty four samples of individually quick-frozen (IQF) peeled
and deveined raw and 914 samples of cooked ready to eat shrimp samples produced from
farm raised black tiger (Penaeus monodon) obtained from a seafood unit working under
HACCP concept were analysed for total aerobic plate count (APC), coliform count, Escherichia
coli, coagulase positive Staphylococci and Salmonella. The overall bacteriological
quality of the product was found to be good. Of the frozen raw shrimp, 96% of samples
showed APC below 105 while 99% of the frozen cooked ready-to-eat samples showed APC
less than 104. The APC ranged from 1·0´102 to 4·2´106 cfu/gm in frozen raw shrimp and from
1·0´102 to 6·4´104 cfu/gm in the frozen cooked shrimp. Prevalences of coliforms in raw
shrimp and cooked shrimp samples were 14·4% and 2·9% respectively. The coliform count
in raw products ranged from 1·0´101 to 2·5´103 cfu/gm and in the cooked products, from 1·0
´101 to 1·8´102 cfu/gm. Although all the cooked shrimp samples were free of coagulase
positive staphylococci, E. coli and Salmonella, 1·0, 2·0 and 0·1% of the frozen raw shrimp
samples tested positive for coagulase positive Staphylococci, E. coli and Salmonella
respectively. The Salmonella strain was identified as Salmonella typhimurium. The results
of the present study highlight the importance of implementation of HACCP system in the
seafood industry to ensure consistent quality of frozen seafood