Rani, Joseph(Wiley Periodicals, Inc., October 23, 2003)
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Abstract:
Poly(o-toluidine) (PoT) and poly(o-toluidine
co aniline) were prepared by using ammonium persulfate
initiator, in the presence of 1M HCI. It was dried under
different conditions: room temperature drying (48 h), oven
drying (at 50°C for 12 h), or vacuum drying (under vacuum,
at room temperature for 16 h). The dielectric properties, such
as dielectric loss, conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric
heating coefficient, loss tangent, etc., were studied at microwave frequencies. A cavity perturbation technique was used
for the study. The dielectric properties were found to be
related to the frequency and drying conditions. Also, the
copolymer showed better properties compared to PoT alone.
Zinc salts of ethyl, isopropyl and butyl xanthates were prepared in the laboratory. The
effect of these xanthates with zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDC) on the vulcanization
of HAF filled NR compound has been studied at different temperatures. The
rubber compounds with the three xanthate accelerators and ZDC were cured at various
temperatures from 60°C to 150°C. The sheets were moulded and properties such as tensile
strength , tear strength , cross-link density, elongation -at-break, compression set, heat
build up, abrasion resistance, flex resistance , etc. were evaluated . The properties
showed that zinc xanthate/ZDC accelerator combination has a positive synergistic effect
on the mechanical properties of NR compounds. The curing of HAF filled NR compound
containing zinc xanthate /ZDC is slightly slower than the curing of the corresponding gum
compounds . It is observed that, by gradually increasing the amount of the accelerator, the
cure time of black filled NR compound can be made equal to that of the gum compou
Blends of nitrile rubber and reclaimed rubber containing different levels of a
coupling agent, Si 69 (bis(3- triethoxysilyl propyl)(tetrasulphide) were prepared
and the cure characteristic's and mechanical properties were studied. Optimum
loading of Si-69 was found to be a function of blend ratio. 3 phi- of Si 69 in a
70:30. Blend was found to be the optimum combination with respect to the
mechanical properties. The rate and state of cure were also affected bv the
conp/ing agent. Tensile strength, tear strength and abrasion resistance were
improved in the presence of coupling agent. While the state of cure improved,
the cure rate and scorch time decreased with increasing silane content. Ageing
studies showed that the blends containing the coupling agent were inferior to
the unmodified blends.
Blends of Acrylonitrile rubber with Maleic anhydride grafted Whole Tyre
Reclaim WTR (MA-g-WTR) have been prepared and the cure and mechanical
properties have been studied with respect to reclaim content. Control
compounds containing unmodified WTR were also prepared for comparison.
Grafting was confirmed by IR studies. Blends containing grafted WTR showed
higher minimum torque and (max-min) torque. They also showed longer cure
time, scorch time and lower cure rate. Grafting of the WTR with maleic
anhydride also resulted in the improved tensile strength, abrasion resistance,
compression set and resilience. However, the heat build up under dynamic
loading was marginally higher for the blends containing grafted reclaimed
rubber.
Carboxy Terminated Liquid Natural Rubber (CTNR) was
prepared by photochemical reaction using maleic anhydride and masticated
natural rubber (NR). The use of CTNR as an adhesive in bonding rubber to
rubber and rubber to metal was studied. The peel strengths and lap shear
strengths of the adherends which were bonded using CTNR were determined.
The effect of using a tri isocyanate with CTNR in rubber to metal bonding was
also studied. It is found that CTNR can effectively be used in bonding rubber to
rubber and rubber to mild steel.
ABSTRACT: Phenol was chemically attached to low molecular weight
chlorinated polyisobutylene and stearic acid respectively. These phenolic
antioxidants were characterised by IR, 1H NMR and TGA. The efficiency and
permanence of these bound antioxidants were compared with conventional
antioxidants in natural rubber vulcanisates. The vulcanisates showed comparable
ageing resistance in comparison to vulcanisates containing conventional
antioxidants. The presence of liquid polymer bound phenol reduce the amount of
plasticiser required for compounding.
Rani, Joseph(Indian Academy of Sciences, February 24, 2003)
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Abstract:
Significant results of our experimental investigations on the dependence of pH on real time
transmission characteristics on recording media fabricated by doping PVC with complexed methylene blue
are presented. The optimum pH value for faster bleaching was found to be 4 . 5. In typical applications, the
illumination from one side, normal to the surface of this material, initiates a chemical sequence that records
the incident light pattern in the polymer. Thus direct imaging can be successfully done on this sample. The
recorded letters were very legible with good contrast and no scattering centres. Diffraction efficiency
measurements were also carried out on this material.