Binsy,Varghese V; Dr.Sugunan, S(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, February , 1998)
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Abstract:
Catalysis research underpins the science of modern chemical processing
and fuel technologies. Catalysis is commercially one of the most important
technologies in national economies. Solid state heterogeneous catalyst materials such
as metal oxides and metal particles on ceramic oxide substrates are most common.
They are typically used with commodity gases and liquid reactants. Selective oxidation
catalysts of hydrocarbon feedstocks is the dominant process of converting them to key
industrial chemicals, polymers and energy sources.[1]
In the absence of a unique successfiil theory of heterogeneous catalysis,
attempts are being made to correlate catalytic activity with some specific properties of
the solid surface. Such correlations help to narrow down the search for a good catalyst
for a given reaction.
The heterogeneous catalytic performance of material depends on many
factors such as [2]
Crystal and surface structure of the catalyst.
Thermodynamic stability of the catalyst and the reactant.
Acid- base properties of the solid surface.
Surface defect properties of the catalyst.Electronic
and semiconducting properties and the band structure.
Co-existence of dilferent types of ions or structures.
Adsorption sites and adsorbed species such as oxygen.Preparation method of catalyst , surface area and nature of heat treatment.
Molecular structure of the reactants.
Many systematic investigations have been performed to correlate
catalytic performances with the above mentioned properties. Many of these
investigations remain isolated and further research is needed to bridge the gap in the
present knowledge of the field.
Description:
Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science & Technology