Prabhakaran, N; Dr. Sivadas, P(Cochin University of Science and Technology, April 30, 1990)
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Abstract:
Man's concern with environmental deterioration is one of the major reasons for the increased interest in marine and estuarine microbes. Microbes form an important link in the biogeochemical cycling and their cyclinq activites often determine to a large measure the potential productivity of an ecosystem In the recycling of the nutrients in the estuary,
bacteria and fungi therefore play a particularly significant role.The allochthonous plant materials contain biopolymers such as cellulose, lignin, humus etc., that are difficult to degrade into simpler substances. The fungi have the ability to degrade _substances, thereby making them available for cycling within the system. The present study is devoted to find the composition and the activity of myco populations of Cochin backwater. For convenience the thesis is divided into eight chapters. The opening chapter briefly reviews the literature and projects the importance of work and the main objectives. Second chapter discusses the materials and methods. In the third chapter the systematic and taxonomy of estuarine yeasts are examined in detail since this information is scarcely available for our waters. The general ecological aspects of the yeasts and filamentous fungi in the area of study are examined in the fourth chapter using appropriate statistical techniques. A special reference to the fungi in a small mangrove ecosystem is attempted in the fifth chapter. The biochemical studies are discussed in the sixth chapter and the penultimate chapter provides an overall discussion. In the last chapter the summary of the work is presented.
Ajith,G Nair; Damodaran,K T(Department of Marine Geology and Geophysics, School of Marine Sciences, 2001)
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Abstract:
The present work attempts to trace the variation in the physical and chemical behavior of ilmenite, since its release from country rocks and subsequent transportation to the coast through the progressive weathering environments of laterite, sedimentary rocks, rivers and estuarine systems. Since the hinterland of the study area consists of crystalline and sedimentary rocks and their weathered forms (laterites), the contribution of each lithological system to the beach placer is attempted. The results of the study show that the most magnetic fraction contains more content of altered phases than the relatively unweathered fractions. The fractions separated above 0.35A define a high grade of ilmenite ore enriched in Ti content. The lattice volume generally decreases with alteration. The magnetic studies revels that the Chavara ilmenite are found to be made up to low magnetic crops with about 46% of the bulk ilmenite constituted by fractions separated at above 0.35A. In the Manavalakurichi ilmenite on the other hand, around 91% of the beach ilmenite is made of fractions separated at or below 0.3A
Purushan, K.S; Dr.Sakthivel, M(Marine Products Export Development Authority, December , 1992)
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Abstract:
The thesis entitled "Studies on improved practices of prawn farming for higher production in central Kerala"
prepared by the author describes various practices prevailing in the study area in order to elucidate their relative merits. The study on
semi-intensive farming at Mundapuram, Kannur was also carried out
and included in the thesis for comparison.The author felt it important to make a
critical study of the existing culture practices in the central Kerala,
a region where it has been existing since time immemorial.Careful analysis of data accrued by the author has helped
him to identify strength, weakness, opportunities and threats
confronting the shrimp farming.
As a result it was possible to evolve an appropriate
management technology taking into consideration the various ecological
(location specific), social and economical conditions prevalent in the
vast study area.
Vaheed, Yavari; Dr.Thomas, M M(Cochin University of Science and Technology, December , 1994)
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Abstract:
The Indian edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis (Preston) is known to be a highly suitable candidate species for culture. Though Q, madrasensis has been subjected to intensive research, there has been no significant attempt to culture this oyster commercially. One major reason for the lack of interest in oyster culture could be the disparity in growth, survival and production reported by earlier workersf from different regions along the Indian coast. Greater predictability of production can create confidence and encourage entrepreneurs interested
in oyster culture. The present study, which is a detailed investigation on the influence of various environmental variables on growth and reproduction of Q, madrasensis, is not confined to the impact of only hydrological parameters but is also extended to study the effect of different degrees of aerial exposure on growth and survival. The main objective of the study is to develop a background for subsequent development of a site suitability index for culture of Q, madrasensis along the Indian coast. Two sets of experiments were conducted during the present study. Details of the experiments are presented in the thesis under two major chapters comprising four sections each. Each chapter has a separate introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion.
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Sona, A; Dr. Mukundan, M K(Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, July , 2004)
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Abstract:
In the attempt to find out catalytic potency and properties of the endoglucanase
of green mussel, it could be highlighted that the enzyme is efficient in degrading
carboxymethylcellulose to reducing sugars. The immobilized enzyme will find
applications in the food industry, paper and pulp industry, wood preservation,
alcohol and pharmaceutical industry.The purification method employed i.e. Sephadex G100 chromatography
employing affinity and exclusion principles simplify the purification procedure.Addition of Mg2+ and Co2+ at 10mM concentrations enhances endoglucanase
activity of green mussel.The immobilized endoglucanase can be used for deinking mixed office waste
paper. The endoglucanase if supplemented with exoglucanase and B-glucosidase
under appropriate conditions would help in the recycling of paper.
Seema Nair,P; Surendran,P K(Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, November , 2000)
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Abstract:
In this study, an attempt has been made to gather enough information regarding lactic acid bacteria from fish and shellfish of tropical regions. The occurrence and distribution of lactic acid bacteria in fresh and frozen marine fish and shellfish, farmed fish and shellfish, cured and pickled fish and shellfish have been investigated. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) have for centuries been responsible for the fermentative preservation of many foods. They are used to retard spoilage and preserve foods through natural fermentations. They have found commercial applications as
starter cultures in the dairy, baking, meat, fish, and vegetable and alcoholic beverage
industries. They are industrially important organisms recognized for their fermentative
ability as well as their nutritional benefits. These organisms produce various compounds
such as organic acids, diacetyl, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins or bactericidal
proteins during lactic fermentations.Biopreservation of foods using bacteriocin producing LAB cultures is becoming widely used. The antimicrobial effect of bacteriocins and other compounds
produced during fermentation of carbohydrates are well known to inhibit the growth of
certain food spoiling bacteria as well as a limited group of food poisoning and pathogenic bacteria LAB like Lactobacillus plantarum are widely used as starter cultures for the
Production of fish ensilage. The present study is the first quantitative and qualitative study on the
occurrence and distribution of lactic acid bacteria in fresh and frozen fish and prawn. It
is concluded that Lactobacillus plantaruni was the predominant lactobacillus species in fresh and frozen fish and shellfish. The ability of selected Lactobacillus cultures to grow at low temperatures, high salt content, produce bacteriocins, rapidly ferment sugars and decrease the pH make them potential candidates for biopreservation of fish and shellfish.
Anuradha,Krishnan; Dr.Alagarswami, K(Cochin University of Science and Technology, April , 1987)
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The present study has yielded a great deal of information on nutrition of pearl oyster larvae. T he formulae presented may be used effectively and with advantage in improving the larval rearing system with specific reference to nutritional aspects. It is also hoped that this is the first comprehensive study on pearl oyster larval nutrition would stimulate further detailed investigations on many of the other finer aspects of tropical bivalve larval nutrition.
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Centre Of Advanced Studies In Mariculture, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute
Manohar, Chandge S; Dr. Paul, Raj R(Cochin University of Science And Technology, April , 1987)
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Recent studies with prawns indicate that their growth, metamorphosis, maturation and moulting are affected by the typo and level of lipids supplied in the diets. Despite the
recognition of the importance of lipids in the diets of prawns there is no information on the essentiality and quantitative lipid requirements of Indian penaeid prawns. Therefore during the present study about 24 laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the essentiality and dietary requirements of total lipids, phoapholipida, fatty acids cholestrol, and to ascertain the nutritional value of natural lipid sources for the larvae, post-larvae tad juveniles of one of the most suitable cultivable species of panaeid prans. All the experiments were conducted in the laboratory following standard procedures, using isonitrogen and approaximately
isocaloric purified diets. Changes were made in tha ingridients as required for specific requirements. For the larvae diets of particle size < 37) were fed, For the postlarvae
and juveniles pellet feed was given. while data on survival and growth of larvae and pout-larvae 1-10 were recorded, data were collected on the survival, growth, food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and biochemical composition at the body for post-larva 11-25 and juveniles. The influence ot fatty acid pattern of dietary lipid sources on the fatty acids profile of prawns were also studied in the case of juvenile prawns. Analysis of variance andleast significant differences
test were employed to determine the significant differences between treatments in the observed parameters with the help of a newlett Packard master computer.
Description:
Central marine fisheries research institute, Cochin University of Science And Technology
Balachandran,T; Dr.Kurian, C V(Cochin University of Science and Technology, August , 1980)
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Plankton community, drawn from a vary wide variety of animal phyla, formed
the basic food supply of marine life and indicators of water mass. The term
meroplankton generally referred to that portion of the zooplankton which is
transient in nature, remaining rest of their lives in the nektonic or benthic
environment. This group was selected for intensive studies, considering the role
of meroplankton in the economy of the sea and the scarcity of literature on them
from the Indian Ocean. The preser .udy besides providing information regarding
the fixation and preservation !e _ iniques and biochemical aspects of tropical
meroplankton, also consolidates information regarding their zoogeography in the
Indian Ocean region, with a view to amplifying the limited information available
from this area.
The distribution studies are based on the collections made during the International
Indian Ocean Expedition (1960-65), whereas the material for preservation and
biochemical studies was collected from the coastal waters during 1968-1978.
Salient features:- 2% of formaldehyde buffered with 2% borax, added to the
plankton in the ratio of 9:1 was found the best fixative. On fixation the plankton
underwent shrinkage due to loss of 15 to 87% water. Addition of antioxidants
prevented colour fading. Narcotization by different specific reagents prior to
fixation reduced distortions due to violent reaction and improved morphological
conditions. One percent formaldehyde solution in sea water buffered with borax
or neutralised with calcium carbonate perfectly preserved majority of meroplankton.
Equally good was one percent propylene phenoxetol buffered with borax.
Biochemical compostion of vaioous taxa showed variations according to their
age class, size groups metamorphosing stage, feeding mechanism, type of
organism fed and time of collection.
General distribution studies of 4 meroplankton taxa - Anthozoan larvae, cirripedia
larvae, sipunculoid larvae and gastropod larvae stowed abundance in the coastal
areas especially during the SW monsoon period. Based on the larval distribution
different zoo-geographical areas in the Indian Ocean are differentiated.
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School of Marine Science, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Jiya, Jose; Dr. Shanta, Achuthankutty(Cochin University of Science And Technology, February , 2014)
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The Cochin estuary (CE), which is one of the largest wetland ecosystems,
extends from Thanneermukkam bund in the south to Azhikode in the north. It
functions as an effluent repository for more than 240 industries, the characteristics of
which includes fertilizer, pesticide, radioactive mineral processing, chemical and
allied industries, petroleum refining and heavy metal processing industries
(Thyagarajan, 2004). Studies in the CE have been mostly on the spatial and temporal
variations in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the estuary
(Balachandran et al., 2006; Madhu et al., 2007; Menon et al., 2000; Qasim
2003;Qasim and Gopinathan 1969) . Although several monitoring programs have been
initiated in the CE to understand the level of heavy metal pollution, these were
restricted to trace metals distribution (Balachandran et al., 2005) or the influence of
anthropogenic inputs on the benthos and phytoplankton (Madhu et al., 2007;Jayaraj,
2006). Recently, few studies were carried out on microbial ecology in the
CE(Thottathil et al 2008a and b;Parvathi et al., 2009and 2011; Thomas et al., 2006;Chandran and Hatha, 2003). However, studies on metal - microbe interaction are
hitherto not undertaken in this estuary. Hence, a study was undertaken at 3 sites with
different level of heavy metal concentration tounderstand the abundance, diversity and
mechanisms of resistance in metal resistant bacteria and its impact on the nutrient
regeneration. The present work has also focused on the response of heavy metal
resistant bacteria towards antibacterial agent’s antibiotics and silver nanoparticles
Description:
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography
Regional Centre
Kochi
Girija, S; Dr.Surendran, P K(Cochin University of Science and Technology, October 23, 1993)
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Abstract:
The quality of minced fish, as mentioned earlier depends largely
on the type and quality of the raw material used, as well as
on the processing methods employed. Moreover, fish mincing
involves cutting up of tissues thereby increasing surface area
to a great extent and releasing of enzymes and nutrients from
the tissues. Due to these factors fish mince is relatively more
prone to chemical. autolytic and microbial spoilage. Hence study
of minced fish with these factors in focus is very important.
Equally important is the availability, price and preference of
the raw material vis-a-vis the end products and the storage
period it passes through. In the present study. changes in the bacterial flora. both quantitative and qualitative of the dressed fish, viz. Nemipterus japonicas and mince from the same fish during freezing and frozen storage have been investigated in detail. The effect of a preservative. viz. . EZDTA on the bacteriological and shelf life characteristics of the minced fish has also been investigated.
Attempts have also been made to develop various types of products
from mince and to study their storage life.
Joseph,M G; Dr.Srinivasan, D(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, December , 1986)
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Abstract:
This thesis is the result of an elaborate study on
the mixed layer depth (MLD) and the various oceanic
environmental factors controlling it in the Arabian Sea
examining its predictability on annual and short term basis.
To accomplish this, the study area between 100 — 250 N
latitudes and 600 — 750 E longitudes in the Arabian Sea
is divided into 8 subareas of 50 quadrangles. The
distribution of monthly means of the surface wind field, net
heat exchange mKi868€%WTmN¥tWMWF3UH9 (SST) over each subarea
in the annual cycle is examined. The corresponding wind
(mechanical) and convective mixing values are computed and
presented along with the observed mean MLD for the subareas
in the annual cycle. Effects of advection due to surface
currents and surface divergence (convergence and divergence)
for these subareas are examined for correlating the MLD
variations. A representative time series data from typical
deep water station under southwest monsoonal forcing is
analysed for the spectral components to estimate the
amplitude perturbations on the mean MLD variation
Description:
School Of Marine Sciences,Cochin University Of Science And Technology