Hatha, A A M; Vivekanandhan, A A; Julie Joice, G; Christol(Elsevier, May 28, 2004)
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Abstract:
Motile aeromonads isolated from the intestines of farm-raised freshwater fish such as Catla catla, Labeo rohita and
Ctenopharyngodon idella have been characterized to species level. Morphological and physiological grouping revealed 61%
Aeromonas hydrophila, 30% Aeromonas caviae, 7% Aeromonas sobria and 2% which remained unidentified. Hemolytic
activity was detected mostly in A. hydrophila, while only half of the A. sobria and A. caviae showed this activity. Antibiotic
resistance patterns of the strains revealed that they had acquired a relatively higher resistance to oxytetracycline, amoxycillin,
ampicillin, novobiocin and polymixin-B, implicating possible use of these antibiotics in the aquaculture systems.
Description:
International Journal of Food Microbiology 98 (2005) 131– 134
Bright Singh, I S; Rosamma, Philip; Swapna, Antony P; Valsamma, Joseph(Elsevier, June 21, 2011)
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Abstract:
White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is the most devastating disease affecting shrimp culture around the
world. Though, considerable progress has been made in the detection and molecular characterization of WSSV
in recent years, information pertaining to immune gene expression in shrimps with respect to WSSV infection
remains limited. In this context, the present study was undertaken to understand the differential expression
of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes in the haemocytes of Penaeus monodon in response to WSSV infection
on a time-course basis employing semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The present work analyzes the expression profile
of six AMP genes (ALF, crustin-1, crustin-2, crustin-3, penaeidin-3 and penaeidin-5), eight WSSV genes (DNA
polymerase, endonuclease, immediate early gene, latency related gene, protein kinase, ribonucleotide
reductase, thymidine kinase and VP28) and three control genes (18S rRNA, β-actin and ELF) in P. monodon in
response to WSSV challenge. Penaeidins were found to be up-regulated during early hours of infection and
crustin-3 during late period of infection. However, ALF was found to be up-regulated early to late period of
WSSV infection. The present study suggests that AMPs viz. ALF and crustin-3 play an important role in
antiviral defense in shrimps. WSSV gene transcripts were detected post-challenge day 1 itself and increased
considerably day 5 onwards. Evaluation of the control genes confirmed ELF as the most reliable control gene
followed by 18S rRNA and β-actin for gene expression studies in shrimps. This study indicated the role of
AMPs in the protection of shrimps against viral infection and their possible control through the up-regulation
of AMPs
Antimedian graphs are introduced as the graphs in which for every triple
of vertices there exists a unique vertex x that maximizes the sum of the
distances from x to the vertices of the triple. The Cartesian product of
graphs is antimedian if and only if its factors are antimedian. It is proved
that multiplying a non-antimedian vertex in an antimedian graph yields
a larger antimedian graph. Thin even belts are introduced and proved to
be antimedian. A characterization of antimedian trees is given that leads
to a linear recognition algorithm.
Bright Singh, I S; Anas, A; Paul, S; Jayaprakash, N S; PhIlip, R(Inter-Research, November 9, 2005)
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Abstract:
Chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable natural polymer with established
antimicrobial properties against specific microorganisms. The present study demonstrates its
antibacterial activity against 48 isolates of Vibrio species from prawn larval rearing systems. The
antibacterial activity had a positive correlation with the concentration of chitosan. This work opens
up avenues for using chitosan as a prophylactic biopolymer for protecting prawn larvae from
vibriosis.
Rosamma, Philip; Kumar, S; Achuthankutty, C T(2006)
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Abstract:
Aquaculture farms, particularly in Southeast Asia are
facing severe crisis due to increasing incidences of
White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). Actinomycetes
have provided many important bioactive compounds of high prophylactic and therapeutic value and are
continually being screened for new compounds. In this
communication, the results of a study made to determine
the effectiveness of marine actinomycetes against the white spot disease in penaeid shrimps are presented.
Twenty-five isolates of actinomycetes were tested for
their ability to reduce infection due to WSSV among
cultured shrimps. When these actinomycetes were
made available as feed additives to the post-larvae of
the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon for two weeks and challenged with WSSV, the post challenge survival
showed variations from 11 to 83%. However, six
isolates have shown to be the most potential candidates
for further study.
Bright Singh, I S; Rosamma, Philip; Sudheer, N S(Springer, May 29, 2012)
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Abstract:
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the most
contagious pathogen of cultured shrimp, causes mass
mortality, leading to huge economic loss to the shrimp
industry. The lack of effective therapeutic or prophylactic
measures has aggravated the situation, necessitating the
development of antiviral agents. With this objective, the
antiviral activity in the aqueous extract of a mangrove plant
Ceriops tagal in Penaeus monodon was evaluated. The
Ceriops tagal aqueous extract (CTAE) was non-toxic to
shrimps at 50 mg/ml when injected intramuscularly at a
dosage of 10 lL/animal (0.5 mg/animal) and showed a
protective effect against WSSV at 30 mg/ml when mixed
with WSSV suspension at a 1:1 ratio. When the extract was
administered along with the diet and the animals were
challenged orally, there was a dose-dependent increase in
survival, culminating in 100 % survival at a concentration
of 500 mg/kg body weight/day. Neither hypertrophied
nuclei nor the viral envelope protein VP28 could be demonstrated
in surviving shrimps using histology and indirect
immunofluorescence histochemistry (IIFH), respectively.
To elucidate the mode of action, the temporal expression of
WSSV genes and shrimp immune genes, including antimicrobial
peptides, was attempted. None of the viral genes
were found to be expressed in shrimps that were fed with
the extract and challenged or in those that were administered
CTAE-exposed WSSV. The overall results suggest
that the aqueous extract from C. tagal can protect
P. monodon from white spot syndrome virus infection.
Description:
Arch Virol (2012) 157:1665–1675
DOI 10.1007/s00705-012-1346-3
Bright Singh, I S; Vici, V; Sarita,G Bhat(Academic Press, March 10, 2000)
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Abstract:
The fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, has proven potential for use as an
aquaculture species (Hanson & Goodwin, 1997; Kurup, 1984). In India alone, culture of
this species of prawn in low saline areas requires about 200 million seed per year
(Kurup, 1984). In hatcheries poor survival rate has been associated with vibriosis at
di#erent stages of the larval cycle. Members of the family Vibrionaceae associated with
the larvae of M. rosenbergii were shown to be pathogenic under laboratory conditions
(Bhat et al., 2000, in press). Vibrios have been associated with mortality of penaeid
prawns by several workers (Aquacop, 1977; Hameed, 1993; Karunasagar et al., 1994).
Two methods have been suggested to protect both the larvae and juveniles from
vibriosis; one is the administration of bacterins prepared from pathogenic strains
(Itami et al., 1989, 1991; Adams, 1991; Song & Sung, 1990; Sung et al., 1991) and the
other is the utilization of yeast 1-3 and 1-6 glucans as immunostimulants for
enhancing the non-specific defense system (Sung et al., 1994; Song et al., 1997). In the
light of these observations it was hypothesised that bacterins and yeast glucans may
also be e#ective in protecting the larvae of M. rosenbergii from vibriosis as has been
achieved in the case of penaeids. To examine this hypothesis, the ability of bacterins
and an extracellular glucan-producing yeast to increase the overall survival and
metamorphosis of larvae in a hatchery, as well as to protect against an experimental
challenge under laboratory conditions, was evaluated
Description:
Fish & Shellfish Immunology (2000) 10, 559–563
doi:10.1006/fsim.2000.0278
Achamma, Kurian; Bindhu, C V; Harilal, S S; Issac, Riju C; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G(Pramana, November , 1994)
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Abstract:
A simple method based on laser beam deflection to study the variation of diffusion
coefficient with concentration in a solution is presented. When a properly fanned out laser
beam is passed through a rectangular cell filled with solution having concentration gradient,
the emergent beam traces out a curved pattern on a screen. By taking measurements on the
pattern at different concentrations, the variation of diffusion coefficient with concentration can
be determined.
Bright Singh, I S; Seena, Jose; Rosamma, Philip; Mohandas, A; Jayesh, P(Elsevier, December 26, 2010)
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Abstract:
Lack of shrimp cell lines has hindered the study of pollutants which adversely affects shrimp health and
its export value. In this context a primary haemocyte culture developed from Penaeus monodon was
employed for assessing the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of two heavy metal compounds, cadmium
chloride and mercuric chloride and two organophosphate insecticides, malathion and monocrotophos.
Using MTT assay 12 h IC50 values calculated were 31.09 16.27 mM and 5.52 1.16 mM for cadmium
chloride and mercuric chloride and 59.94 52.30 mg l 1 and 186.76 77.00 mg l 1 for malathion and
monocrotophos respectively. Employing Comet assay, DNA damage inflicted by these pollutants on
haemocytes were evaluated and the pollutants induced DNA damage in >60% of the cells. The study
suggested that haemocyte culture could be used as a tool for quantifying cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of
aquaculture drugs, management chemicals and pollutants
Sumam, Mary Idicula; Joseph, Alexander; Sudheep, Elayidom(Academy Publisher, May , 2009)
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Abstract:
For years, choosing the right career by
monitoring the trends and scope for different career paths
have been a requirement for all youngsters all over the
world. In this paper we provide a scientific, data mining
based method for job absorption rate prediction and
predicting the waiting time needed for 100% placement, for
different engineering courses in India. This will help the
students in India in a great deal in deciding the right
discipline for them for a bright future. Information about
passed out students are obtained from the NTMIS (
National technical manpower information system ) NODAL
center in Kochi, India residing in Cochin University of
science and technology
Description:
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 1, May 2009
Sheeja, N K; Surendran, Cherukodan(Indira Gandhi National Centre For The Arts,New Delhi, August 21, 2010)
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Abstract:
Newspapers cover a large amount of information everyday on topics of varied
interests. To a university, newspapers are essential components of
communication as they cover various happenings in a university. These items of
information are neither stored properly nor put in retrieval systems for future
use. The news and views appeared in newspapers can effectively be organized in
a digital library making use of open source software. The CUSAT digital library
(http://dspace.cusat.ac.in/dspace/) has organized some news items that
appeared in local newspapers about the university under a special community
named “CUSAT-News”. This article describes the methods of collecting,
selecting, organizing, providing access and preserving news items required by a
university using DSpace open source software.
Description:
IFLA international newspaper conference,2010,25-28 february
This paper attempts to develop an improved tool,
which would read two dimensional(2D) cardiac MRI images and
compute areas and volume of the scar tissue. Here the
computation would be done on the cardiac MR images to
quantify the extent of damage inflicted by myocardial infarction
on the cardiac muscle (myocardium) using Interpolation
Tennant,A; Dawoud,M M; Anderson,A P(Department of Electronics, April 27, 1994)
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Abstract:
A genetic algorithm has been used for null steering in phased and
adaptive arrays . It has been shown that it is possible to steer the
array null s precisely to the required interference directions and to
achieve any prescribed null depths . A comparison with the results
obtained from the analytic solution shows the advantages of using
the genetic algorithm for null steering in linear array patterns
Chandrasekaran, M; Devarasiddappa, D(June 1, 2014)
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Abstract:
Metal matrix composites (MMC) having aluminium (Al) in the matrix phase and silicon
carbide particles (SiCp) in reinforcement phase, ie Al‐SiCp type MMC, have gained
popularity in the re‐cent past. In this competitive age, manufacturing industries strive to
produce superior quality products at reasonable price. This is possible by achieving higher
productivity while performing machining at optimum combinations of process variables. The
low weight and high strength MMC are found suitable for variety of components
Description:
Advances in production engineering and management,vol 9 no 2,pp 59-70
Dr.Babu, C A; Jayakrishnan, P R(http://www.scirp.org/journal/acs, 2014)
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Abstract:
The combined use of both radiosonde data and three-dimensional satellite derived data over ocean and land is useful for a better understanding of atmospheric thermodynamics. Here, an attempt is made to study the ther-modynamic structure of convective atmosphere during pre-monsoon season over southwest peninsular India utilizing satellite derived data and radiosonde data. The stability indices were computed for the selected stations over southwest peninsular India viz: Thiruvananthapuram and Cochin, using the radiosonde data for five pre- monsoon seasons. The stability indices studied for the region are Showalter Index (SI), K Index (KI), Lifted In-dex (LI), Total Totals Index (TTI), Humidity Index (HI), Deep Convective Index (DCI) and thermodynamic pa-rameters such as Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) and Convective Inhibition Energy (CINE). The traditional Showalter Index has been modified to incorporate the thermodynamics over tropical region. MODIS data over South Peninsular India is also used for the study. When there is a convective system over south penin-sular India, the value of LI over the region is less than −4. On the other hand, the region where LI is more than 2 is comparatively stable without any convection. Similarly, when KI values are in the range 35 to 40, there is a possibility for convection. The threshold value for TTI is found to be between 50 and 55. Further, we found that prior to convection, dry bulb temperature at 1000, 850, 700 and 500 hPa is minimum and the dew point tem-perature is a maximum, which leads to increase in relative humidity. The total column water vapor is maximum in the convective region and minimum in the stable region. The threshold values for the different stability indices are found to be agreeing with that reported in literature.