Zachariah,E J; Vasudevan,K; Sreenivas,G; Mohanan,P; PravinKumar,P A; K G Nair(Indian Journal of Pure Applied Physics, 1980)
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Abstract:
Development of a new type of microwave absorbing material
using rubber latex and carbon. for application in the interior
lining of anechoic chambers, has been reported. Absorption
coefficients of different combinations were estimated at X
and S bands and the results were presented graphically. A
combination of 50% rubber latex, 40% carbon and 10%
graphite is found to form an ideal microwave absorbing material in the X and s bands
A microwave dielectric ceramic resonator based on BaCe2Ti5O15 and Ba5Nb4O15 have been prepared by conventional solid state ceramic route. The dielectric resonators (DRs) have high dielectric constant 32 and 40 for BaCe2Ti5O15 and Ba5Nb4O15, respectively. The whispering gallery mode (WGM) technique was employed for the accurate determination of the dielectric properties in the microwave frequency range. The BaCe2Ti5O15 and Ba5Nb4O15 have quality factors (Q X F) of 30,600 and 53,000 respectively. The quality factor is found to depend on the azimuthal mode numbers. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (Tr) of BaCe2Ti5O15 and Ba5Nb4O15 have been measured accurately using different
resonant modes and are + 41 and + 78 ppm/K, respectively
The microwave dielectric properties of (I -x)CaTiO3-xSm(Mg1/2Tit,2)O3(0.1 <-x< 1.0) have been investigated. The
system forms a solid solution throughout the entire compositional range. The dielectric constant decreases from 86 to 25 as x
varies from 0.1 to 1.0. The Qxf varies non-linearly and increases for composition with x> 0.6. The nonmonotonic variation
with composition x is more pronounced in Tt than in er. The microwave dielectric properties indicate the possibility of a phase
transformation for x between 0.4 and 0.5
microwave dielectric properties of ceramics based on Ba(Mgv3Ta(2-2x)t3W,t3Tixt3)O3 is investigated as a function of x. The
15 densification as well as dielectric properties deteriorate with increase in the substitution levels of (Ti 1,3W113)333 + at (Ta213)3.33+ site
16 in Ba(Mg113Ta213)03. The rt is approaching zero between x = 0.1 and 0.15 in Ba(Mg it3Ta(2-2,,.)t3W,it3Ti,Tt3)O3 where quality factor is
17 reasonably good (Qu x f = 80,000-90,000 GHz). The Ba(Mg1,3Ta(2_,013W,13Ti,,13)03 with x = 1.0 has e, = 15.4, rf= -25.1 ppm/
18 "C, Q„ x f = 35,400 GHz
The BaO-2CeO2-nTiO2 ceramics with n = 3, 4 and 5 have been prepared with CeO2 as starting material . The ceramics have been
characterized using scanning electron microscopy , X-ray diffraction , Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The
microwave dielectric properties have been measured using standard dielectric resonator techniques . BaO-2CeO2-3TiO2 (123),
BaO-2CeO2-4TiO2 ( 124) and BaO-2CeO2-5TiO2 ( 125) ceramics showed dielectric constants of 38, 27 and 32, respectively . All the
ceramics showed fairly good unloaded Q - factors . 124 and 125 compounds exhibited low tf values, while 123 showed a high rf value
Isuhak, Naseembeevi Jawahar; Narayana Iyer, Santha; Mailadil, Thomas Sebastian(Materials Reserach Society, December , 2002)
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Abstract:
Single-phase polycrystalline ceramics in the MO-La2O3-Ti02 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba)
system, such as cation-deficient hexagonal perovskites CaLa4Ti4O15, SrLa4Ti4O15,
BaLa4Ti4O15, and Ca2La4Ti5O18 and the orthorhombic phases CaLa4Ti5O17 and
CaLa8Ti9O31, were prepared through the solid-state ceramic route. The phases
and structure of the ceramics were analyzed through x-ray diffraction and scanning
electron microscopy. The microwave dielectric properties of the ceramics were studied
using a network analyzer. The investigated ceramics show high Er in the range 42 to
54, high quality factors with Q x f in the range 16,222 to 50,215 GHz, and low Tf in
the range -25 to +6 ppm3/°C. These high dielectric constant materials with high Q x f
up to 50,215 GHz are suitable for applications where narrow bandwidth and extremely
low insertion loss is necessary, especially at frequencies around 1.9 GHz
Microwave dielectric ceramics based on RETiTaO6 (RE = La, Cc, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu,
Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, Yb, Al, and In) were prepared using a conventional solid-state
ceramic route. The structure and microstructure of the samples were analyzed using
x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The sintered samples
were characterized in the microwave frequency region. The ceramics based on Ce, Pr,
Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy, which crystallize in orthorhombic aeschynite structure,
had a relatively high dielectric constant and positive T f while those based on Ho, Er,
and Yb, with orthorhombic euxenite structure, had a low dielectric constant and
negative Tf. The RETiTaO6 ceramics had a high-quality factor. The dielectric constant
and unit cell volume of the ceramics increased with an increase in ionic radius of the
rare-earth ions, but density decreased with it. The value of Tf increased with an
increase in RE ionic radii, and a change in the sign of Tf occurred when the ionic
radius was between 0.90 and 0.92 A. The results indicated that the boundary of the
aeschynite to euxenite morphotropic phase change lay between DyTiTaO6 and
HoTiTaO6. Low-loss ceramics like ErTiTaO6 (Er = 20.6, Qxf = 85,500), EuTiTaO6
(Er = 41.3, Qxf = 59,500), and YTiTaO6 (Er = 22.1, Q„xf = 51,400) are potential
candidates for dielectric resonator applications
Dielectric resonator ceramics with composition formula Ba[(D3+0.3 Bi0.2)Nb0.5]O3,where D3+=Y,Pr,Sm,Gd,Dy and Er,were prepared by the conventional ceramic preparation route
Bindu, G; Vinu, Thomas; Anil, Lonappan; Anandan, C K; Mathew, K T(John Wiley & Sons, January , 2006)
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Abstract:
A phantom that exhibits complex dielectric properties similar to low-water-content biological tissues over the electromagnetic spectrum of 2000–3000 MHz has been synthesized from carbon black, graphite powder, and poly vinyl acetate (PVA)-based adhesive. The material overcomes various problems that are inherent in conventional phantoms such as decomposition and deterioration due to the invasion of bacteria or mold. The absorption coefficients of the material for various concentrations of carbon and graphite are studied. A combination of 50% poly-vinyl-acetate-based adhesive, 20% carbon, and 30% graphite exhibits a high absorption coefficient, which suggests another application of the material as a good microwave absorber for the interior lining of tomographic chamber in microwave imaging. The cavity-perturbation technique is adopted to study the dielectric properties of the material.
The mechanism of devulcanization of sulfur-vulcanized natural rubber with aromatic disulfides and aliphatic
amines has been studied using 23-dimethyl-2-butene (C5H1,) as a low-molecular weight model compound. First C6H12
was vulcanized with a mixture of sulfur, zinc stearate and N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide (CBS) as accelerator
at 140 °C, resulting in a mixture of addition products (C(,H 1 i-S,-C5H 1 i ). The compounds were isolated and identified
by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with respect to their various sulfur ranks. In it second stage, the
vulcanized products were devulcanized using the agents mentioned above at 200 °C. The kinetics and chemistry of the
breakdown of the sulfur-hridges were monitored. Both devulcanization agents decompose sulfidic vulcanization products
with sulfur ranks equal or higher than 3 quite effectively and with comparable speed. Di phenyldisulfide as devulcanization
agent gives rise to a high amount of mono- and disulfidic compounds formed during the devulcanization,
hexadecylamine, as devulcanization agent, prevents these lower sulfur ranks from being formed.
Natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and polybutadiene
rubber were used to replace part of the butadieneacrylonitrile
rubber in a 70/30 butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber/
poly(vinyl chloride) blend. Such replacement up to 15%
of the total weight of the blend improved the mechanical
properties, while decreasing the cost of the blend. Styrenebutadiene
rubber could replace butadiene-acrylonitrile
rubber up to 30% of the total weight of the blend without
deterioration in the mechanical properties.
Rani, Joseph(Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc., May 20, 1985)
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Abstract:
Polychloroprene (neoprene) has been blended with polyvinylchloride (PVC) in different
proportions using a new stabiliser system (magnesium oxide and zinc oxide with
stearic acid) for PVC. The physical properties of the blends show that they can
advantageously replace neoprene in many applications.
George, K E; Jacob, Sinto; Suma, K K; Mendaz, Jude Martin; George, Abhilash(Wiley InterScience, 2009)
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Abstract:
Poly(propylene) (PP) reinforced with short glass fiber was modified with
precipitated nanosilica (pnS) by melt mixing. The weight of the glass fiber was varied
by keeping the pnS at optimum level. The properties of the composites were studied
using universal testing machine, dynamic mechanic analyser (DMA), differential
Scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo gravimetric analyser (TGA). The amount of the
glass fiber required for a particular modulus could be reduced by the addition of
nanosilica.
Sasi Kumar, P R; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G(Springer, May , 1994)
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Abstract:
The changes in emission characteristics of a neon hollow cathode discharge by resonant laser excitation of 1s 5→2p 2 and 1s 5→2p 4 transition have been studied by simultaneously monitoring the optogalvanic effect and the laser induced fluorescence. It has been observed that resonant excitation causes substantial variation in the relative intensities of lines in the emission spectrum of neon discharge.
Supriya Dey; Aanandan,C K; Mohanan,P; K G Nair(Department of Electronics, June , 1993)
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Abstract:
A circular miqrostrip antenna with a modified structure is
presented. By adjusting the feed location along the circumference
of the patch it is possible to match the antenna with a C
microstrip line of any impedance. The impedance bandwidth
and radiation characteristics are unaffected by this structural
V modification.