Manoj, P K; Varghese, K X(SSIJBMR, January , 2013)
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Abstract:
In 2001 the Indian Banks Association have come up with a model frame work for
educational loans in the country. With the approval of the Central Government the public
sector banks in India started to give education loans. The private and cooperative banks
also joined the fray. Due to growing NPAs and the intervention of the Government these
norms were modified in 2011. The budget allocation for the primary and higher secondary
education is on the increase in India. However, higher education has been of late relegated
or left to the mercy of the private players. There has been a steady growth of educational
loans disbursed, private colleges and deemed universities started and enrolments of students
in higher education during the years 2001 to 2011. This paper is a humble attempt to 1)
analyse the growth of the educational loans vis-à-vis other forms of personal loans at the
national level, 2) showcase the disbursements of educational loans in Kerala State, 3) to
assess the growth of educational institutions and enrolment of students in higher education
in India from secondary data and 4) to make suggestions based on the findings
Random genetic changes generated during in vitro culture are not desirable for plant
micropropagation and genetic transformation. RAPD markers were used to detect the variation in leaf disc callus
cultures of Jatropha curcas, maintained in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different auxin and
cytokinin combinations. In total 41 scorable bands were produced with 11 primers. Out of 41 bands, 37 were
polymorphic (91.12%). The average number of polymorphic bands was 3.36 per primer. The highest similarity
(0.82) with mother plant was seen in callus maintained on MS with hormonal combination Indole butyric
acid - 0.4mg/l+ N6-benzyladenine purine - 4.0 mg/l. The callus grown on MS with hormonal combinations
IBA- 0.4mg/l+ BAP- 2.0mg/l, IBA- 0.4mg/l+ BAP- 2.5mg/l and IBA- 0.6 mg/l+ BAP- 2.0 mg/l also showed
similarity with the mother plant. Callus maintained on MS with hormonal combination IBA- 0.2mg/l+ BAP- 2.0
mg/l was found to show least similarity (0.53) with mother plant
Description:
World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 8 (6): 616-623, 2012