Bright Singh, I S; Seena, Jose; Rosamma, Philip; Mohandas, A; Jayesh, P(Elsevier, December 26, 2010)
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Abstract:
Lack of shrimp cell lines has hindered the study of pollutants which adversely affects shrimp health and
its export value. In this context a primary haemocyte culture developed from Penaeus monodon was
employed for assessing the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of two heavy metal compounds, cadmium
chloride and mercuric chloride and two organophosphate insecticides, malathion and monocrotophos.
Using MTT assay 12 h IC50 values calculated were 31.09 16.27 mM and 5.52 1.16 mM for cadmium
chloride and mercuric chloride and 59.94 52.30 mg l 1 and 186.76 77.00 mg l 1 for malathion and
monocrotophos respectively. Employing Comet assay, DNA damage inflicted by these pollutants on
haemocytes were evaluated and the pollutants induced DNA damage in >60% of the cells. The study
suggested that haemocyte culture could be used as a tool for quantifying cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of
aquaculture drugs, management chemicals and pollutants
Renjith, K R; Dr.Chandramohanakumar, N(Cochin University of Science and Technology, December , 2006)
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Abstract:
The amplified human role in shaping natural processes makes it imperative to understand the interactions between abiotic and biotic processes, whcih pertain particularly to the most dyanamic aboitic factor,water. The assessment of environmental parameters is indispensable for the sustainable management of the aqutic system .The conscious harnessing and pampering to protect the characteristics of the ecosystems is the of the day.This thesis attempts to characterize the chemical dynamacity of a tropical estury in relation to the bio, geo and physical processes and thereby to propose a management scheme for its sustainability. Micro speciation is used as a tool for this.
Bindu Bhaskaran, A B; Dr.Mohammed Salih,K Y(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, March 14, 2011)
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Abstract:
Fishes are one of the most important members of the aquatic food chain, and
through them some toxicants may reach human beings as well. The selection of
organisms for toxicity test is mainly based on certain criteria like its ecological
status, position within the food chain, suitability for laboratory studies, genetically
stable, uniform populations and adequate background data on the organism
(Buikema et al., 1982). The species selected for the present study Etroplus
maculatus satisfy most of the above protocols. Rechten (1980) opined it as a
laboratory favorite of fish researchers. However, there are difficulties in the rise of
fishes for pollution assessment impact. Most important of these is our limited
understanding of the mechanism of toxicity. The interpretation of the significance or specificity of a measured biological response could there for become difficult.
Not withstanding these limitations, attempts have been made to the normal
haematology and to analyze the impact of heavy metal at realistic levels to the
experimental media, on the haematology, and enzymatic activity and histology of
Etroplus maculatus
Description:
Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Hatha, A A M; Krishna, M P; Rinoy, Varghese(Indian Society for Education and Environment, March , 2012)
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Abstract:
Industrialization of our society has led to an increased production and discharge of both xenobiotic and natural chemical
substances. Many of these chemicals will end up in the soil. Pollution of soils with heavy metals is becoming one of the most
severe ecological and human health hazards. Elevated levels of heavy metals decrease soil microbial activity and bacteria need
to develop different mechanisms to confer resistances to these heavy metals. Bacteria develop heavy-metal resistance mostly
for their survivals, especially a significant portion of the resistant phenomena was found in the environmental strains.
Therefore, in the present work, we check the multiple metal tolerance patterns of bacterial strains isolated from the soils of MG
University campus, Kottayam. A total of 46 bacterial strains were isolated from different locations of the campus and tested for
their resistant to 5 common metals in use (lead, zinc, copper, cadmium and nickel) by agar dilution method. The results of the
present work revealed that there was a spatial variation of bacterial metal resistance in the soils of MG University campus, this
may be due to the difference in metal contamination in different sampling location. All of the isolates showed resistance to one
or more heavy metals selected. Tolerance to lead was relatively high followed by zinc, nickel, copper and cadmium. About
33% of the isolates showed very high tolerance (>4000μg/ml) to lead. Tolerance to cadmium (65%) was rather low (<100
μg/ml). Resistance to zinc was in between 100μg/ml - 1000μg/ml and the majority of them shows resistance in between
200μg/ml - 500μg/ml. Nickel resistance was in between 100μg/ml - 1000μg/ml and a good number of them shows resistance in
between 300μg/ml - 400μg/ml. Resistance to copper was in between <100μg/ml - 500μg/ml and most of them showed
resistance in between 300μg/ml - 400μg/ml. From the results of this study, it was concluded that heavy metal-resistant bacteria
are widely distributed in the soils of MG university campus and the tolerance of heavy metals varied among bacteria and
between locations
Description:
Indian J. Innovations Dev., Vol. 1, No. 3 (Mar 2012)
Geetha, P; Dr.Ravindranatha Menon,N(Cochin University of Science & Technology, 1994)
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Abstract:
This thesis embodies findings on a taxonomical investigation of a group of lower marine invertebrates belonging to the category coelomata. Bryozoans are well known both in fossil and recent taxonomical history. They comprise of about 5,000 living and 16000 fossil species. Bryozoans are well known for their taxonomic abundance and structural diversity,representing the various ecological niches ranging from the intertidal to the abyssal benthic. At a time when global marine biological diversity has become a concern of not only to the scientists but also to the policy makers,an understanding of species diversity and abundance are cardinal aspects of biological studies. Geological time scales which is known that by Pre-Cambrian, marine invertebrate diversity reach the maximum and this diversity has become more comprehensive as time advanced. Taxonomists a vanishing species of scientists have become more concerned in discerning patterns of species diversity. The basic tool for this is identification fo animals. with this idea in mind a detailed study of taxonomy of bryozoan was undertaken . The major part of this thesis is devoted to describe various species of bryozoans with detailed description and ecotypical variations.The pattern of distribution and abundance which are important aspects of animal groups have also been documented. Possible effects of heavy metal contamination on the tolerance and growth of bryozoans, a few species of which have been eliminated from the chronically polluted areas of Cochin backwaters have also been documented.
Description:
Division of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, cochin University of Science and Technology
Krishnakumar,P K; Dr.Damodaran,R(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, November 5, 1987)
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Abstract:
No serious attempt has so far been made in India to make use
of the ‘Mussel watch’ concept as a useful tool for pollution monitoring
of the marine and estuarine environment. The recently conducted
'National seminar on mussel watch’ by the Cochin University of Science
and Technology (13-14 Feb, 1986) discussed the technical aspects related
to mussel watch programme and the application of sentinel organism
concept to the coastal areas of India.
It is well known that the biological and physiological
characteristics of the organism inhabiting tropical waters such as those
prevailing in India, and the ecological as well as the environmental
characteristics of temperate areas, where mussel watch programmes are
already in existence differ greatly. So it is essential to adopt the
techniques and standards developed for temperate species to the
situations and conditions in India. In this context it is a prerequisite
to collect information on physiology and other biological indices of
stress of possible sentinel organisms like P.viridis.
In consideration of the above, P. viridis which is a potential
sentinel organism, is selected for the present study
Description:
School Of Marine Sciences
Cochin University Of Science And Technology