Finla, Chathu; Dr. Paulose, C S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, February , 2007)
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Abstract:
In the present work, the role of oxygen, epinephrine and glucose
supplementation in regulating neurotransmitter contents, adrenergic and glutamate
receptor binding parameters in the cerebral cortex of experimental groups of neonatal
rats were investigated. The study of neurotransmitters and their receptors in the
cerebral cortex and the EEG pattern in the brain regions of neonatal rats were taken as
index for brain damage due to hypoxia, oxygen and epinephrine. Real-Time PCR work was done to confirm the binding parameters. Second messenger, cyclic
Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) was assayed to find the functional correlation of
the receptors. Behavioural studies were carried out to confirm the biochemical and
molecular studies. The efficient and timely supplementation of glucose plays a crucial
role in correcting the molecular changes due to hypoxia, oxygen and epinephrine. The
addictive neuronal damage effect due to oxygen and epinephrine treatment is another
important observation. The corrective measures from the molecular study brought to
practice will lead to maintain healthy intellectual capacity during the later
developmental stages, which has immense clinical significance in neonatal care.
Description:
Department of Biotechnology, Cochin
University of Science and Technology
Santhosh, Thomas K; Dr. Paulose, C S(Cochin University of Science & Technology, March , 2006)
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Abstract:
The present study deals with the differential regulation of Dopamine content in
pancreas and functional regulation of Dopamine D2 receptor in brain regions such as
hypothalamus, brain stem, cerebral cortex and corpus striatum play an important role
during pancreatic islets cell proliferation and insulin secretion. Though may reports are
there implicating the functional interaction between DA receptor and pancreatic islets cell
insulin secretion, the involvement of specific DA D2 receptors and changes in second
messenger system during insulin secretion and pancreatic islets cell proliferation were not
given emphasis. Down regulation of DA content in brain regions and pancreatic islets
were observed during pancreatic regeneration. Up regulation of DA content in plasma
and adrenals down regulated sympathetic activity in pancreas which cause an increase in
insulin secretion and pancreatic islets cell proliferation during pancreatic regeneration.
There was a differential regulation of DA D2 receptor in brain regions. The pancreatic
islets DA D2 receptors were lip regulated during pancreatic regeneration. DA D2 receptor
activation at specific concentration has accounted for increased pancreatic islets cell
proliferation. In vitro experiments have proved the differential regulation of DA on
insulin synthesis and pancreatic islets cell proliferation. Inhibitory effect of DA on cAMP
and stimulatory effect of DA on IP3 through DA D2 receptors were observed in in vitro
cell culture system. These effects are correlating with the DA, cAMP and IP3 content
during pancreatic regeneration and islets cell proliferation. Up regulation of intracellular Ca2+ was also observed at 10-8 M DA, a specific concentration of DA which showed
maximum increase of IP3 content in pancreatic islets through DA D2 receptor activation
in in vitro culture. These in vitro data was highly correlating with the changes in DA,
cAMP and IP3 content in pancreas during pancreatic regeneration and insulin secretion.
Thus we conclude that there is a differential functional regulation of DA and DA D2
receptors in brain and pancreas during pancreatic regeneration. In vitro studies confirmed a concentration depend functional regulation of DA through DA D2 receptors on
pancreatic islets cell proliferation and insulin secretion mediated through increased
cAMP, IP3 and intracellular Ca2+ level. This will have immense clinical significance in
the management in diabetes mellitus.
Description:
Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Paulose,C S; Athira, Babu; Anju, T R(Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, April , 2009)
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Abstract:
Hypoxia is one of the major causes of damage to the fetal and neonatal brain and cardiac functions. in earlier studies we have reported the brain damage caused by hypoxia and resusciation with oxygen and epinephrine and have found that glucose treatment to hypoxic rats and hypoxic rats treated with oxygen shows a reversal of brain damage. during this study the findings may have clinical significance in the proper management of heart and brain functions.